拧紧力矩配比对双螺母螺栓连接松动过程影响的实验与仿真

Experiment and Simulation on the Influence of Tightening Torque Ratio on the Loosening Process of Double Nut Bolts

工程中双螺母防松是一种常见的螺栓连接防松形式,不同的拧紧力矩配比对其松动过程及防松效果产生的影响不同。通过横向振动试验对比了单、双螺母节点的耗能能力,通过实验对比不同拧紧力矩配比下双螺母螺栓预紧力的实验结果与理论结果,针对横向载荷作用下双螺母螺栓连接节点,建立了考虑螺纹的精细化有限元模型,得到不同拧紧力矩配比下连接节点的螺栓夹紧力变化、滞回曲线、刚度退化系数、耗能能力、螺纹接触状态以及螺栓塑性变形,多方面分析拧紧力矩配比对螺栓连接节点松动过程的影响,综合对比给出其影响规律,并给出最佳拧紧力矩配比,有助于优化双螺母螺栓的设计,提升双螺母螺栓的防松效果,为后续的研究与应用奠定基础。

Double nut locking is a common type of bolt locking in engineering.Different tightening torque ratio has different influence on the loosening process and locking effect.By comparing the energy dissipation capabilities of single-nut and double-nut joints through lateral vibration tests,as well as experimentally comparing the experimental and theoretical results of the pre-tensioning force of double-nut bolts under different tightening torque ratios,a refined finite element model considering threads was established for the bolted joints subjected to transverse loading.Various aspects of the influence of torque ratios on the loosening process of bolted joints were analyzed,including changes in bolt clamping force,hysteresis curve,stiffness degradation coefficient,energy dissipation capabilities,thread contact status,and bolt plastic deformation.The influence laws were comprehensively compared,and the optimal torque ratio for tightening was determined.It is helpful to optimize the design of double nut bolts,improve the anti-loosening effect of double nut bolts,and lay a foundation for the subsequent research and application.