贵州传统村落消防智慧的传承与价值研究

Research on the Inheritance and Value of Traditional Village Firefighting Wisdom in Guizhou Province

传统村落是我国乡村遗产保护和乡土文化传承的重要载体,贵州是我国传统村落分布最为集中的地区之一,以木建筑、木石建筑为主要民居形式,在山地生存环境和民族文化多样性的背景下,各村寨形成了一系列因地制宜、行之有效的传统消防智慧。本文通过对贵州30个传统村落的调查研究,从村落水源与空间布局、建筑本体防火措施、防火灭火方法与工具、习俗规约与人员组织四个方面展开,梳理其传统的消防智慧在当下的传承与价值。

Traditional villages are important carriers for the conservation of rural heritage and the inheritance of local culture in China.Guizhou is one of the areas with the most concentrated distribution of traditional villages in China,with wooden and stone buildings as the main residential forms.Against the backdrop of mountainous living environment and ethnic cultural diversity,various villages and ethnic groups have formed a series of locally adapted and effective traditional fire protection wisdom.This article conducts a survey and research on 30 traditional villages in Guizhou,focusing on four aspects:village water sources and spatial layout,building fire prevention measures,fire prevention and extinguishing methods and tools,customs and regulations,and personnel organization.It summarizes the inheritance and value of their traditional firefighting wisdom in the present.