书信交往与苏门的发展历程——以苏轼与四学士为中心

Epistolary communication and the development of Su Shi Circle:centering around Su Shi and the four disciple scholars

由苏轼主盟的“苏门”在哲宗元祐年间大放异彩,是两宋影响最大的文学群体之一。在长达四十三年的时间里,书信是苏轼与“四学士”等人最主要的交往媒介。这些书信在苏门的发展历程中发挥了不可替代的重要作用。苏门文人在书信中求教讨论、品题称扬、交流信息、劝勉慰藉、宣泄情感、传承斯文,在此过程中建构起集体认同,培养了深厚情谊,写下了传世佳作。苏轼和四学士的来往书信,在平易自然的表达中见出作者们真实的情感和隐秘的心迹,在温暖的人际关系中见出人性的真善美,具有高度的文学价值和史学价值。探讨苏门书信交往的细节和意义,有助于深化对宋代文学史和社会文化史的认识。

The Su Shi Circle or Sumen,led by Su Shi,brightly shone during the reign of Emperor Yuanyou,and was one of the most influential literary groups in the Song Dynasty.For a period of forty-three years,letters were the main communication media between Su Shi and the four disciple scholars and others.These letters played an irreplaceable role in the development of Su Shi's Circle.In the letters,the disciple scholars of Su Shi conducted consultation and discussion,made appraisals,exchanged information,offered exhortations,expressed feelings,and inherited cultivation and refinedness,in which they constructed the collective identity,cultivated the deep friendship,and wrote the immortal masterpieces.The epistolary communication between Su Shi and the four disciple scholars discloses their sincere emotions and secret motives in the plain and natural expressions,and highlights the true,the good and the beautiful of humanity in the warm interpersonal relationship,which has enjoyed the highly literary and historical significance.It is of great help to deepen the understanding of the literary and sociocultural history of the Song Dynasty through exploring the details and significance of the epistolary communication in the Su Shi Circle.