应用于全固态激光雷达的光学相控阵技术研究

Optical Phased-Array Technology Applied to All-Solid-State LiDAR

随着无人驾驶技术对全固态激光雷达应用需求的不断增加,传统意义上的机械式激光雷达体积大、质量重、功耗大等劣势,已不能适应当前的应用场景,而光学相控阵技术作为实现全固态激光雷达的新途径逐渐引起了人们的关注。光学相控阵是一种电控扫描的光束指向控制技术,具备非机械偏转能力、宽视场、低功耗、轻量化等优异性能,能够很好地满足全固态激光雷达的应用需求。首先介绍了光学相控阵的基本工作原理,回顾了近年来基于不同材料光学相控阵的国内外研究进展,并对其优劣势进行对比分析,指出了研制应用于全固态激光雷达的高性能光学相控阵需要突破的关键技术,最后对光学相控阵技术的未来发展进行思考和展望。

Owing to the increasing demand for all-solid-state LiDAR applications in autonomous driving technology,the conventional mechanical LiDAR featuring a large size,a heavy weight,and high power consumption can no longer adapt to the current application scenarios.Hence,optical phased-array technology has received attention as a new approach for realizing all-solid-state LiDAR.Optical phased array is a type of electronically controlled scanning-beam-pointing control technology.It offers non-mechanical deflection ability,a wide field-of-view,low power consumption,and lightweight excellent performance,satisfying the application requirements of all-solid-state LiDAR well.This paper first introduces the basic operating principle of optical phased arrays and reviews the recent research progress in optical phased arrays based on different materials both in China and abroad.Subsequently,the advantages and disadvantages of optical phased arrays based on different materials are compared.The key technologies required for the further development of high-performance optical phased arrays to be used in all-solid-state LiDAR are highlighted.Finally,the future development of optical phased array technology is considered and prospected.