积水性内耳病发病机制的研究进展

Research progress on pathogenesis of hydropic ear disease

积水性内耳病(HED)是一类复杂的内耳疾病,其主要病理特征是内淋巴积水(ELH),主要临床表现为听力下降、眩晕和耳鸣。本文综述了HED的病因及其发病机制的研究进展,包括ELH、免疫因素、遗传因素、内耳结构异常、内耳缺血、过敏反应、病毒与细菌感染、水通道蛋白失调、离子通道紊乱、水盐代谢激素异常等因素。通过对现有文献的分析,结合临床实践,旨在为HED的诊断和治疗提供新的思路和方法。

Hydropic ear disease(HED)is a complex condition characterized by endolymphatic hydrops(ELH).Its primary clinical manifestations include hearing loss,vertigo,and tinnitus.This paper provides an overview of the research progress on the etiology and pathogenesis of HED,encompassing factors such as ELH,immune factors,genetic factors,inner ear structural abnormalities,inner ear ischemia,allergic reactions,viral and bacterial infections,water channel protein dysregulation,ion channel disorders,and abnormalities in water-salt metabolism hormones.By analyzing existing literature and integrating clinical practice,this study aims to provide new insights and methods for the diagnosis and treatment of HED.