以患者需求为导向的安宁疗护模式在区县级医院重症监护室的应用调查

Application survey of palliative care model based on the need of patients in intensive care units of district and county hospitals

目的调查区县级医院重症监护室(ICU)患者安宁疗护需求现状。方法选取2022年1月至2023年12月该院重症医学科260例终末期患者,采用问卷进行调查,并对10例患者进行半结构式访谈,分析患者需求。结果问卷有效回收率为100.0%。260例终末期患者在环境、心理社会、生理、健康相关行为维度的评分分别为(20.36±3.99)、(22.52±4.11)、(21.63±3.41)、(28.25±4.71)分。10例患者的访谈结果显示,患者负面情绪较为严重,有明显的疾病耻辱感,其自弃心理严重,但又渴望被关注和尊重。结论区县级医院ICU终末期患者安宁疗护需求程度较高,其中最为显著的是心理社会需求。

Objective To Investigate the current situation of palliative care needs for patients in the intensive care unit(ICU)of district and county hospitals in the survey area.Methods A total of 260 end-stage patients from the intensive care department of the hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected for the questionnaire survey,and 10 patients were interviewed in a semi-structured manner to analyze their needs.Results The effective response rate of the questionnaire was 100.0%.The scores of 260 end-stage patients in environmental,psychosocial,physiological and health-related behavior dimensions were(20.36±3.99),(22.52±4.11),(21.63±3.41)and(28.25±4.71),respectively.The interview results of 10 patients showed that they had severe negative emotions,a clear sense of disease shame,and a strong sense of self abandonment,but also longed for attention and respect.Conclusion The demand for palliative care among terminal ICU patients in district and county hospitals is relatively high,with the most significant being the psychological and social needs.