我国中部地区老年人癌症防治知信行情况调查及影响因素分析

Knowledge,attitude,and practice of cancer prevention and treatment among the elderly in central China and their influencing factors

目的了解我国中部地区老年人癌症防治知识知晓、态度及行为的现状,为开展有针对性的防癌治癌宣教活动提供参考依据。方法采用便利抽样方法,对我国中部地区老年人进行问卷调查,并运用SPSS 25.0统计软件进行数据分析,应用卡方检验、二元Logistic回归模型分析影响老年人癌症防治知信行的相关因素。结果552名调查对象中,癌症防治知识知晓率、意愿率、行为率分别为52.32%、70.00%、51.49%。卡方分析结果显示,年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、癌症家族史情况是癌症防治知信行的影响因素。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,低龄老年人采取癌症防治行为更主动(OR=0.311,P<0.01);已婚老年人癌症防治意愿更积极(OR=1.786,P<0.05);家族中出现过癌症患者的老年人有更积极的癌症防治意愿(OR=0.368,P<0.01)。结论我国中部地区老年人癌症防治知识知晓率有待提高;老年人癌症防治“知行”尚未合一;需要重点关注高龄、未婚/离异/丧偶、文化程度低、无癌症家族史老年人的癌症防治知信行情况。

Objective To understand the knowledge,attitude,and practice(KAP)of cancer prevention and treatment among the elderly people in central China,aiming to provide reference for targeted cancer prevention and treatment education activities.Methods By using a convenient sampling method,we conducted a questionnaire-based survey on the KAP of cancer prevention and treatment among the elderly in the central region of China.The SPSS 25.0 statistical software was used for data analysis.Chi-square test and binary logistic regression model were used to analyze the factors affecting the KAP.Results Among the 552 respondents,the awareness,willingness,and behavior rates of cancer prevention and treatment were 52.32%,70.00%,and 51.49%,respectively.The results of chi-square analysis showed that age,marital status,education level,and family history of cancer were the influencing factors of the KAP.Binary logistic analysis showed that,compared with the elderly over 80 years old,the younger elderly were more active in cancer prevention and treatment(OR=0.311,P<0.01).Compared with unmarried/divorced/widowed respondents,the married elderly people were more willing to prevent and treat cancer(OR=1.786,P<0.05).Compared with subjects without a family history of cancer,respondents with a family history of cancer had more positive cancer prevention willingness(OR=0.368,P<0.01).Conclusion The awareness rate of cancer prevention and treatment among the elderly in central China needs to be increased.The knowledge needs to be integrated with the practice in cancer prevention and treatment.Special attention should be paid to the KAP of cancer prevention and treatment among the older elderly,the unmarried/divorced/widowed elderly,the elderly with low education level,and the elderly without a family history of cancer.