整体性视域下大学生创业环境的考量与优化

Consideration and Optimization of the Entrepreneurial Environment for College Students from a Holistic Perspective

创新创业环境是政策、教育、资金、商务和文化按照逻辑关系关联在一起的有机体。对全国30个省区市高校大学生调查发现,高校创新创业环境仍然存在创业政策效能作用不佳、教育培训系统性与专业性不高、融资渠道及全过程支持缺乏、商务服务保障力度不够、文化认同性与包容性较差等问题。与之相比,国外高校的文化驱动型、政府驱动型、教育驱动型的创业环境确有值得借鉴之处。高校创新创业环境的整体性优化应以提高创业政策扶持效能为重点完善创业政策体系,以构建“政府-高校-社会”三位一体教育体系为重点加强创业教育培训,以拓宽融资渠道为重点加大资金扶持力度,以构建创业服务新机制为重点改善商务环境,以培养大学生独立创业精神为重点加强创业文化建设。

Innovation and entrepreneurship environment is an organism of policy,education,capi-tal,business and culture and their internal logic.A survey of students in 30 universities found that the innovation and entrepreneurship environment in universities still has problems such as poor en-trepreneurial policy effectiveness,low systematic and professional education and training,lack of fi-nancing channels and support for the whole process,insufficient business service guarantee,and poor cultural identity and inclusiveness.Compared with it,the culture-driven,government-driven,education-driven entrepreneurial environment of foreign universities does have some reference.The overall optimization of innovation and entrepreneurship environment in universities should focus on improving the effectiveness of entrepreneurship policy support,improve the entrepreneurship policy system,strengthen entrepreneurship education and training with the focus on building a"govern-ment-university-society"trinity education system,increase financial support with the focus on broadening financing channels,and improve the business environment with the focus on building a new mechanism for entrepreneurship services,in order to strengthen the construction of entrepre-neurial culture by focusing on cultivating the independent entrepreneurial spirit of college students.