西学东渐视域下焦作路矿学堂的创办

Establishment of Jiaozuo Mining School from the Perspective of the Western Learning Spreading to the East

洋务运动进一步推动西学东渐,国人对西学的认识在实践中逐渐加深。《马关条约》签定后,外国资本开始在中国内地开设厂矿,同时把开办学校培养技术人才作为其资本掠夺的辅助手段。1898年,英商福公司在攫取晋豫两省采矿权的不平等条约中获得了开办路矿学堂的特权,并按照西方办学模式对其进行规划,成为当时西学东渐的载体。然而,西学东渐并非单向传递和被动接受,路矿学堂的正式成立也非一蹴而就,晋省因赎回矿权而未遂,豫省则几经交涉才被接纳。1909年焦作路矿学堂在豫省焦作矿区的成立,开创了中国近代矿业高等教育的先河。

The Westernization Movement further promoted the spread of Western learning to the east,and Chinese people's understanding of Western learning gradually deepened in practice.After the signing the Treaty of Shimonoseki,foreign capital began to open factories and mines in Chinese Mainland,and the establishment of schools to train technicians as a means of capital grabbing.In 1898,the British Shangfu Company obtained the privilege of opening mining school by the unequal treaty of seizing the mining rights in Shanxi and Henan provinces,and planned it according to the Western mode of running schools,which became the carrier of the spread of Western learning to the East at that time.However,the spread of Western learning to the East is not one-way transmis⁃sion and passive acceptance,and the formal establishment of the mining school is not overnight.Shanxi Province failed to redeem mining rights,while Henan Province was accepted after several negotiations.In 1909,Jiaozuo Mining School was established in Jiaozuo Mining area of Henan Province,which set a precedent for higher mining education in modern China.