照顾者健康素养评估工具的研究

Research progress on assessment tools for health literacy of disease caregivers

照顾者的健康素养水平直接影响患者照护质量和健康结局,对照顾者的健康素养水平进行评估是提升照护服务质量和护理效果的关键步骤。目前,国内外已有较多照顾者健康素养评估工具,但较少有学者对其进行较为详细介绍和梳理。本文综述了照顾者健康素养评估工具的内容、特性、计量学、应用以及优劣,旨在为研究人员在选择合适的评估工具时提供参考,并为新工具的开发提供理论支持。文献复习结果显示,照顾者健康素养评估工具分为普适性评估工具和特异性评估工具,我国普适性评估工具主要以国外量表的汉译修订为主,特异性量表主要针对患者展开。面对现有评估工具的局限性,未来的研究应当更加注重本土化量表的开发,建议开展多中心、大样本的量表验证工作,同时给予照顾者更多关注。

The health literacy level of caregivers directly affects the quality of patient care and health outcomes.Assessing the health literacy level of caregivers is a crucial step in enhancing the quality of care services and nursing effectiveness.Currently,there are numerous tools for assessing caregiver health literacy both domestically and internationally,yet a detailed introduction of these tools was rare.This article reviews the content,characteristics,metrology,application,and advantages and disadvantages of caregiver health literacy assessment tools,aiming to provide a reference for researchers when selecting appropriate assessment tools,and to offer theoretical support for the development of new tools.The literature review indicates that caregiver health literacy assessment tools are divided into general and specific types.In our country,general assessment tools are mainly based on the Chinese translation and revision of foreign scales,while specific scales are primarily developed for patients.Faced with the limitations of existing assessment tools,future research should place greater emphasis on the development of localized scales.It is recommended to conduct multicenter,large-sample scale validation work and to pay more attention to caregivers.