机载LiDAR点云数据模拟像控点在复杂地形抽水蓄能电站中的应用

Application of Airborne LiDAR Point Cloud Data Simulation Image Control Pointsin Complex Terrain Pumped Storage Power Stations

在可再生能源和水资源开发领域,抽水蓄能电站作为一种有效的储能方式,在全球范围内得到了广泛应用。西北地区抽水蓄能站点大多分布于无人山区,具有落差大、交通条件差等特点,采用常规的无人机倾斜摄影技术进行三维实景建模,受地形影响较大,存在着像控点测量难度大,预设位置难以到达,人员安全无法保证,建模精度受限等不利因素。为解决此问题,利用无人机机载LiDAR系统同时获取地面点云与影像数据,根据处理完成后的正射影像及点云数据,提取地面特征点的平面坐标与高程数据,并将其作为模拟像控点来完成影像数据处理工作,无需进行外业像控点采集工作。结果表明:基于机载LiDAR点云模拟像控点可有效替代传统外业像控点测量工作,实施效率高,不受地形条件限制,且三维实景模型成果精度可达到0.15 m,实现了高效率、高精度三维实景模型的建立。

In the field of renewable energy and water resources development,pumped storage power stations have been widely used worldwide as an effective energy storage method.Most pumped storage sites in Northwest China are located in uninhabited mountainous areas,with characteristics such as large drop-offs and poor traffic conditions,etc.The use of conventional UAV inclined photography technology for 3D real-scene modeling is greatly affected by the terrain,and there are disadvantages such as the difficulty of measuring the image control points,the difficulty of reaching the preset positions,the inability to ensure personnel safety,and the limited modeling accuracy.To solve this problem,the airborne LiDAR system is used to simultaneously obtain ground point cloud and image data.Based on the processed orthophoto and point cloud data,the planar coordinates and elevation data of the ground features are extracted,these data are then used as simulation image control points to perform the image data processing tasks,without the need to collect image control points in the field.The results show that the airborne LiDAR point cloud simulation can effectively replace the traditional field image control point measurement,with high implementation efficiency,not limited by terrain conditions,and the accuracy of the 3D reality model can reach 0.15 m,which realizes the establishment of high-efficiency and high-precision 3D reality model.