基于Rab27a研究厚朴三物汤对结直肠癌模型小鼠外泌体的影响

Effect of Houpu Sanwu decoction on exosomes in colorectal cancer model mice based on Rab27a

目的 探讨厚朴三物汤对C57BL/6J小鼠皮下瘤的影响和机制。方法 将小鼠结直肠癌MC-38细胞通过皮下注射入C57BL/6J小鼠体内建立结直肠癌皮下瘤模型,将造模成功的小鼠随机分组为模型对照组、厚朴三物汤低剂量组、厚朴三物汤中剂量组、厚朴三物汤高剂量组、5-氟尿嘧啶组(5-FU组)、联合组(5-氟尿嘧啶+厚朴三物汤中剂量组),每组小鼠各6只。分别给予生理盐水和厚朴三物汤灌胃或生理盐水和5-FU腹腔注射,每天1次,连续24 d。干预期间定期检测小鼠精神状态、饮食等一般情况、定期检测小鼠肿瘤体积的变化。取材后,对各组皮下瘤进行称重并采用HE染色观察小鼠皮下瘤病理组织变化;采用透射电子显微镜、Western blot、NTA对结直肠癌组织来源的外泌体进行鉴定;采用RT-qPCR和Western blot检测肿瘤组织中Rab27a和外泌体标志物CD63、TSG101、ALIX的mRNA和蛋白表达水平。结果 厚朴三物汤可以抑制小鼠肿瘤的生长,厚朴三物汤各剂量组、联合组的肿瘤生长缓慢,均受到不同程度的抑制,其中中药各剂量组以中剂量灌胃抗癌效果最佳,且与5-FU联用(联合组)呈协同作用;厚朴三物汤可以促使肿瘤发生坏死,表现出与5-FU组相同的抗癌作用,剂量越高,坏死程度越严重,并且厚朴三物汤与5-FU联用(联合组)呈协同作用;厚朴三物汤可以抑制小鼠Rab27a和外泌体中特异性标志物CD63、ALIX和TSG101的蛋白表达量和mRNA的相对表达量。结论 厚朴三物汤的抗结直肠癌机制可能与Rab27a调控的外泌体分泌减少有关。

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of Houpu Sanwu decoction on subcutaneous tumors in C57BL/6J mice.Methods Mouse colorectal cancer MC-38 cells were injected subcutaneously into C57BL/6J mice to establish a subcutaneous tumor model of colorectal cancer.The model mice were then divided randomly into model control,Houpu Sanwu decoction(HPSWD)low dose,HPSWD medium dose,HPSWD high dose,5-fluorouracil(5-FU),and combination groups(5-FU+HPSWD medium dose)(n=6 mice per group).The mice were treated with normal saline and Houpu Sanwu decoction by gavage,or normal saline and 5-FU by intraperitoneal injection once a day for 24 consecutive days.During the intervention period,the mental state,diet,and other general conditions of the mice,as well as changes in tumor volume,were monitored regularly.At the end of the experiment,the subcutaneous tumors in each group were removed and weighed,and pathological features were examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining.Transmission electron microscopy,Western blot,and nanoparticle tracking analysis were used to identify exosomes derived from colorectal cancer tissues.Tumor mRNA and protein expression levels of Rab27a and the exosome markers CD63,TSG101,and ALIX were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot,respectively.Results Houpu Sanwu decoction inhibited tumor growth in mice.Tumor growth was inhibited to varying degrees in all the HPSWD dose groups and in the combination group.The HPSWD medium does group showed the greatest anticancer effect,and the combination group showed a synergistic effect with 5-FU.Houpu Sanwu decoction induced tumor necrosis in a dose-dependent manner,with a similar anticancer effect to 5-FU.Houpu Sanwu decoction also inhibited the protein and mRNA expression levels of Rab27a and the exosome-specific markers CD63,ALIX,and TSG101 in mice.Conclusions Houpu Sanwu decoction inhibits tumor growth and the secretion of exosomes,possibly by regulating Rab27a.