城市实验室:基于新数据、新要素及新路径的批判与展望

City Laboratory:Criticism and Prospect Based on New Data,New Elements,and New Pathways

过去十年间,颠覆性技术深刻地影响了城市各个方面,改变了城市研究与实践的方法、对象及路径,也对城市实验室这一概念的内涵与外延进行了重塑。文章基于第四次工业革命颠覆性技术的发展,从方法论、本体论及实践论层面分析了颠覆性技术对城市实验室研究工作的影响并批判了目前研究在数据分析、研究视角及实践应用方面的局限,进而通过实际案例提出并展望了城市实验室在发展主动城市感知方法、研究新的生活方式和空间结构以及通过数字创新技术赋能规划设计和管理的潜力、未来发展趋势及机遇。最后,文章呼吁整合以上三种新机遇解决社会经济发展背景下的城市更新、收缩城市等城市空间新问题和新挑战,以期为人居环境相关学科的发展提供新的视角和参考。

Over the past decade,disruptive technologies have profoundly impacted various aspects of cities,changing the methods,subjects,and pathways of urban research and practice,and reshaping the connotation and extension of the concept of city laboratory.Based on the development of disruptive technologies in the Fourth Industrial Revolution,this paper analyses the influence of disruptive technologies on the research of city laboratory from the perspectives of methodology,ontology,and practice and also criticizes the limitations of current studies in terms of data analysis,research perspectives,and practical applications.This paper further proposes and anticipates,through practical cases,the potential,future development trends and opportunities of city laboratory in developing active urban sensing methods,studying new lifestyles and spatial structures,and empowering planning,design,and management policies through digital innovation technologies.Finally,we call for the integration of the above three new opportunities to address new urban spatial problems and challenges such as urban renewal and shrinking cities under the background of socioeconomic development,aiming to provide new perspectives and references for the development of disciplines related to human settlement environment.