1960年以来韩国国土空间开发与人口集聚规律研究

Research on the Spatial Development and Population Agglomeration Law in Republic of Korea Since 1960

对人口流动规律认识不到位,进而影响生产要素空间配置与相应政策制定的情况,在我国长期存在且学术争议大。在此背景下,文章以发展基础和历程与我国高度接近的韩国为实证对象,重点从人口变化视角对国土均衡发展战略进行了反思。研究发现,人口向都市区集聚是普遍规律,因此,文章从经济增长、交通网络和公共政策三个方面研究了其与人口变化的关系,建构了人口集聚的机制模型。在第三产业主导背景下,首都都市区依赖强大的规模效应和决策话语权,始终获得更多的要素配置和发展机会,能更好地引领地区或国家发展,其人口集聚难以避免。

Lack of understanding of population mobility patterns,which in turn affects the spatial allocation of production factors and the formulation of corresponding policies,has long existed in China and is subject to significant academic controversy.In this context,the Republic of Korea which has a development foundation and process highly similar to China,is taken as the empirical object.This paper reflects on the strategy of balanced national development from the perspective of population change.It finds that population agglomeration towards metropolitan areas is a common pattern,and its relationship with population change is studied from three aspects:economic growth,transportation network,and public policy.We have constructed a mechanism model for population agglomeration and believe that in the context of dominance of the tertiary industry,the capital metropolitan area,relying on strong economies of scale and decision-making power,always obtains more factor allocation and development opportunities and can better lead regional or national development,so its population agglomeration is inevitable.