小分子化学污染物广谱识别性核酸适配体的制备及其应用进展

Preparation and Application Progress of Broad-Spectrum Recognition Nucleic Acid Aptamers for Small Molecular Chemical Pollutants

作为新型生物识别材料,广谱识别性核酸适配体在食品和环境中小分子化学污染物及其结构类似物的同时检测中有很大的应用潜力。本文综述了有关腺苷受体拮抗剂、被非法滥用活性物质、抗炎药物、抗微生物药物、工业化学品、农药、类固醇雌激素和毒素等小分子化学污染物广谱识别性核酸适配体的筛选方法和优化策略,归纳总结了109条核酸适配体序列和平衡解离常数(或相对亲和力)及其所用的测定方法,并简要介绍了基于广谱识别性核酸适配体所开发的生物传感器,以期为食品和环境中小分子化学污染物快速检测产品的更新换代提供参考。

As a new type of bio-recognition material,broad-spectrum recognition nucleic acid aptamers have great application potential in the simultaneous detection of small molecular chemical pollutants and their structural analogs in food and environment.This paper reviews the screening methods and optimization strategies for broad-spectrum nucleic acid aptamers targeting small molecular chemical pollutants,such as adenosine receptor antagonists,illegally abused active substances,anti-inflammatory drugs,antimicrobial drugs,industrial chemicals,pesticides,steroid estrogens,and toxins.It summarizes 109 nucleic acid aptamer sequences and their equilibrium dissociation constants(or relative affinity)as well as the measurement methods used.Furthermore,biosensors based on broad-spectrum recognition aptamers are briefly introduced,providing a reference for the development and improvement of rapid detection products for small molecular chemical pollutants in food and the environment.