微波辐射致免疫系统功能损伤的研究进展

Research progress on immune system function damage induced by microwave radiation

微波技术快速发展并广泛应用,在带给人类便利的同时也对健康产生潜在威胁。免疫系统作为机体的重要保护屏障,也是微波辐射的敏感靶标之一。人群调查和实验研究发现微波辐射通过影响先天性和适应性免疫应答对免疫功能产生负面效应,然而其损伤机制尚未完全阐明。本文基于微波辐射和免疫系统之间关系的最新研究进展,介绍了微波辐射对先天性免疫的损伤效应,其可通过损伤巨噬细胞、中性粒细胞、自然杀伤细胞、树突状细胞造成机体先天性免疫功能的异常;叙述了微波辐射对适应性免疫的损伤,其可通过影响T细胞增殖、成熟活化、以及T细胞亚群分布而损伤细胞免疫应答,也可通过影响B淋巴细胞蛋白质表达、发育期B细胞的成熟以及B细胞的数量进而导致机体体液免疫功能的损伤。机体免疫功能的异常可能导致与免疫相关的多种疾病的发生,因此认为微波的免疫毒性与防护应当引起足够的重视和深入的研究。本文分析了现有研究的不足,指出今后的实验研究应采用更贴近人类生活工作实际的实验参数,重视多种频率微波复合暴露损伤免疫系统的效应规律,采用规范统一的实验方法和更先进的实验技术进一步明确微波辐射对免疫系统影响的效应趋势及确切机制,为微波辐射免疫损伤效应的有效防护提供科学依据。

With the rapid advancement and wide application of microwave technology,it enhances convenience while potentially endangering health.The immune system,as a vital shield,is an important protective barrier and also one of the sensitive targets of microwave radiation.The immune system is particularly affected by microwave radiation via innate and adaptive immune responses,which is supported by both population surveys and experimental studies;however,the precise mechanism of immunotoxicity of microwave radiation remains under investigation.In light of recent scientific advances in the correlation between microwave radiation and the immune system,the deleterious impact of microwave radiation on innate immunity was delineated.Microwave radiation can induce irregular innate immune function by damaging macrophages,neutrophils,natural killer cells,and dendritic cells.The effects of microwave radiation on adaptive immunity were also elucidated.Microwave radiation can impair cellular immune response by influencing T cell proliferation,maturation and activation,and distribution of T cell subpopulation,and also hinder humoral immune function by influencing B lymphocyte protein expression,maturation during development,and number of B cells.Disparity in the immune function of the body can precipitate the onset of various immune-associated diseases,so the immunotoxic effects of microwave radiation and associated protection need considerable attention and detailed investigation.This article reviewed the shortcomings of existing studies,and suggested that future experimental studies should use experimental parameters that are more similar to the actual scene of life and work,pay more attention to the biological effects of combined multi-frequency microwave exposure on the immune system,use standardized and unified experimental methods,and incorporate more sophisticated experimental technologies to further elucidate the laws of damage effect and exact mechanism of microwave radiation on the immune system,so as to provide a scientific basis for potent protection against the damage effect of microwave radiation on the immune system.