新能源示范城市建设对工业企业绿色转型的影响及机制

The impact of new energy demonstration cities construction on the green transition of industrial enterprises and mechanism

【目的】加快推进工业绿色转型升级是贯彻新发展理念的战略要求,研究新能源示范城市建设对工业企业绿色转型的影响,对于实现“双碳”目标和助力经济高质量发展具有重要意义。【方法】本文以“新能源示范城市政策”作为一项准自然实验,基于2008—2021年A股上市工业企业数据,采用双重差分法考察新能源示范城市建设对工业企业绿色转型的影响与作用机制。【结果】(1)新能源示范城市建设有助于推动工业企业绿色转型,且该效应在国有性质、高竞争行业以及资源型城市企业中更加凸显。(2)机制检验表明,新能源示范城市建设一方面会改变地方政府的激励目标,加大对工业企业绿色行为的财政支持力度;另一方面也通过设置约束性发展指标倒逼工业企业增加绿色投资水平,两方面因素共同促进了工业企业绿色转型。(3)进一步分析发现,新能源示范城市建设下工业企业开展绿色转型既提高了自身环境绩效又不会损失经济绩效,可以实现减排与发展的帕累托改进。【结论】新能源示范城市建设有助于推动工业企业绿色转型发展。因此,政府部门要进一步扩大新能源示范城市的试点范围,完善示范城市的考核和监督机制,加大对工业企业绿色行为的政策扶持力度,从而推进工业绿色低碳转型。

[Objective] Accelerating the green and low-carbon industrial transition of China is a strategic requirement for implementing the new development concept.Studying the impact of new energy demonstration cities construction on the green transition of industrial enterprises is of great significance for the realization of the dual-carbon goals and the promotion of high-quality economic development.[Methods] Taking the new energy demonstration city policy as a quasi-natural experiment,and based on the data of A-share listed industrial enterprises from 2008 to 2021,this study used the difference-in-differences method to investigate the impact of the construction of new energy demonstration cities on the green transition of industrial enterprises and mechanisms.[Results](1) The construction of new energy demonstration cities was helpful for promoting the green transition of industrial enterprises,and the effect was more prominent in state-owned,highly competitive industries and enterprises in resource-based cities.(2) Mechanism analysis showed that on the one hand,the construction of new energy demonstration cities will change the incentive structure of local governments,increase the financial support for the green behavior of industrial enterprises,and on the other hand,it will also force industrial enterprises to increase the level of green investment by setting binding development targets,which jointly promote the green transition of industrial enterprises.(3)Further analysis showed that the green transition carried out by industrial enterprises under the construction of new energy demonstration cities can improve their own environmental performance without reducing their economic performance,and can achieve Pareto improvement of emission reduction and development.[Conclusion] The construction of new energy demonstration cities will help to promote the green transition and development of industrial enterprises.Therefore,government departments should further expand the pilot scope of the new energy demonstration cities,improve the assessment and supervision mechanism of the demonstration cities,and increase policy support for the green behavior of industrial enterprises,so as to promote the green and low-carbon transition of industries.