面向SDGs的能源富集区社会-生态系统韧性评估

Assessment of social-ecological system resilience for SDGs in energy-rich areas

【目的】面向联合国2030可持续发展目标(SDGs),评估能源富集区社会-生态系统韧性,探讨区域社会-生态系统韧性提升策略,对推动能源富集区可持续转型与高质量发展具有重要的政策启示。【方法】基于韧性理论构建能源富集区社会-生态系统韧性评估矩阵,研究2005—2020年晋陕蒙能源富集区社会-生态系统韧性演化规律与优化提升策略。【结果】研究表明:(1)2005—2020年晋陕蒙能源富集区社会-生态系统韧性整体呈现上升趋势。社会经济韧性呈现“下降-上升”的演化趋势,自然资源韧性呈现“上升-下降”的演化态势,生态环境韧性保持逐年提升态势。(2)晋陕蒙能源富集区社会-生态系统韧性受其子系统韧性的影响具有阶段性。在预防和恢复阶段,社会-生态系统韧性提升主要得益于生态环境的支撑;在缓冲和适应阶段,社会经济发展对区域社会-生态系统韧性的贡献突出。(3)晋陕蒙能源富集区社会-生态系统韧性格局变化显著,较高韧性城市显著增加,社会经济韧性呈“西北高、东南低”的分异格局,自然资源韧性具有“西北低、东南高”的空间特征,生态环境韧性呈“北高南低”的空间格局。(4)自然资源子系统韧性不足是制约晋陕蒙能源富集区社会-生态系统韧性提升的关键因素。【结论】应该对标联合国2030可持续发展目标(SDGs),构建“阶段+要素+系统+区域”的协同治理机制,加快资源型经济转型升级,提高能源资源利用效率,健全民生保障体系,推动生态环境保护与修复,从而持续提升能源富集区社会-生态系统韧性水平。

[Objective] Based on the United Nations 2030 Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs),this study aimed to assess the resilience of the social-ecological system and explore the strategies to enhance the resilience of the social-ecosystem system in energy-rich areas,in order to promote sustainable transformation and high-quality development in these areas.[Methods] This study constructed a social-ecological system resilience assessment matrix applicable to energy-rich areas based on the resilience theory,and examined the change of social-ecological system resilience and optimization and enhancement strategies in the Shanxi-Shaanxi-Inner Mongolia energy-rich area from 2005 to 2020.[Results] The results show that:(1) From 2005 to 2020,the overall resilience of the social-ecological system in Shanxi-Shaanxi-Inner Mongolia energy-rich area showed an upward trend.The resilience of the socioeconomic system showed a trend of decreasing first then rising,the resilience of the natural resources system showed a trend of increasing then decreasing,while the resilience of the ecological environment showed an increasing trend year by year.(2) The resilience of the social-ecological system exhibited phased characteristics under the influence of subsystem resilience in the study area.In the preparation and recovery stage,the improvement of socialecological system resilience mainly benefited from the improvement of the ecological environment;In the coping and adaptation stage,the contribution of socioeconomic development to the resilience of regional social-ecological system was prominent.(3) The resilience pattern of the social-ecological system in the Shanxi-Shaanxi-Inner Mongolia energy-rich area has undergone significant changes,with a significant increase in cities with higher resilience.The socioeconomic resilience showed a pattern of high in the northwest and low in the southeast.The resilience of natural resources exhibited spatial characteristics of low in the northwest and high in the southeast.The ecological environment resilience showed a spatial pattern of high in the north and low in the south.(4) The lack of natural resources subsystem resilience was the key factor that restricted the improvement of resilience of the social-ecological system in the study area.[Conclusion] It is necessary to establish a collaborative governance mechanism of “stages + factors + systems + areas” in line with the United Nations 2030Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs),aiming to continuously improve the resilience of the socialecological system in the energy-rich area through various paths,such as accelerating the transformation and upgrading of resource-based economy,improving the efficiency of energy and resource utilization,improving the livelihood support system,and promoting ecological environment protection and restoration.