智能化对弈:军用人工智能对现代战争攻防平衡的重塑

Intelligent Game:Military Artificial Intelligence Reshapes the Offense-Defense Balance of Modern Warfare

当前,人工智能发展取得了重大进步并加速向军事领域延伸,军用人工智能已成为各国发展自身军事力量的重要动力。攻防理论以攻防平衡为核心概念、以技术和军事任务执行能力为关注焦点,是结构现实主义的重要分支理论。军用人工智能通过提高军事能力、影响军事战略制定和军事组织形态、推动军队作战方式和指挥方式改变、强化军队综合保障能力,引发了攻防能力的深刻变化。大国之间军用人工智能水平和能力的对比变化远高于常规军事力量,这使得强弱方的更替明显加速、攻防平衡的稳定性减弱。在这一情况下,智能赋能为国家创造了更多打破均衡、突破传统攻防作战极限的可能性与优势,丰富了攻防理论的研究论域。

At present,the development of artificial intelligence has significantly progressed and is accelerating its extension to the military field.Military artificial intelligence has become an important driving force for countries to develop their own military forces.The Offense-Defense Theory,with the Offense-Defense Balance as the core concept,focuses on technol⁃ogy and military task execution capability.It is an important branch theory of structural realism.Military artificial intelligence has triggered profound changes in Offense-Defense Capability by improving military capability,influencing military strategy formulation and military organi⁃zational forms,promoting changes in military combat methods and command methods,and strengthening the comprehensive support capability of the military.Due to the comparative changes in the level and capability of military artificial intelligence between major countries,which is far higher than the difference in conventional military force,the replacement of strong and weak sides has been significantly accelerated and the stability of the Offense-Defense Balance has been weakened.In this case,intelligent empowerment has created more possibilities and advantages for the country to break the balance and make break through from the traditional Offense-Defense Operations,which enriches the Offense-Defense Theory.