大国博弈背景下人工智能对全球产业链安全的影响与治理

Impact and Governance Strategies of Artificial Intelligence on Global Industrial Chain Security Amidst Great Power Competition

人工智能正以前所未有的速度和深度重塑全球产业链的结构、运行方式和安全状况。大国博弈促使人工智能的三大支柱“算力、数据、算法”呈现出新特征,进而重塑了人工智能对全球产业链安全的影响机制。本文从国际政治经济学的视角,剖析了大国博弈导致的算力垄断、数据控制和算法竞争对全球产业链安全造成的供需失衡、技术依赖、市场封锁、数据割裂、利益分配不均等阻碍其可持续发展的负面影响。基于此,本文分别从算力、数据和算法三个维度提出了中国推动人工智能国际合作以维护全球产业链安全的治理策略。本文为理解全球产业链安全提供了新的理论视角,以期为维护人工智能时代全球产业链安全提供有益启示。

Artificial Intelligence(AI)is reshaping the structure,operation mode,and security landscape of the global industrial chain at an unprecedented speed and depth.The strategic competition among major powers has led to new characteristics in the three pillars of AI-com⁃puting power,data,and algorithms,thereby reshaping AI's impact mechanism on global industrial chain security.From the perspective of international political economy,this paper analyzes the adverse effects of computing power monopolies,data control,and algorithm competition,driven by major power competition,on the global industrial chain security.The results include supply-demand imbalances,technological dependencies,market closures,data fragmentation,unequal distribution of benefits,and hindrances to sustainable development.Accordingly,the paper proposes governance strategies for China to promote international cooperation in AI across three dimensions:computing power,data,and algorithms,to uphold the security of the global industrial chain.This paper offers a new theoretical perspective for understanding global industrial chain security,aiming to provide valuable insights for safeguarding the security of the global industrial chain in the AI era.