饮酒休闲消费偏好的地域特征研究:李白指数

Study on regional preferences of drinking leisure consumption:The Libai Index

饮酒休闲消费日渐成为居民休闲生活的重要组成部分,大众对酒类偏好一直存在着地域认知,但地理学始终未针对这个问题提供科学的分析与解释。因此,本研究试图证实酒类消费地域性偏好的存在,并揭示其空间分布规律。具体而言,本研究以城市作为空间单元,在控制城市发展水平和人口结构因素影响下,结合酒类关键词搜索指数和高德地图酒类POI数据,探测地域偏好分布规律与特征。为了让研究结果通俗易懂,本研究将酒类休闲消费偏好命名为“李白指数”,继而细分为李白预期指数和李白消费指数。研究结果表明:①两个李白指数的分布特征与传统文化中对国人饮酒行为的地域偏好认知不一致。李白指数未呈现明显的南北、东西分异或者遵循胡焕庸线的地理分布特征,偏好最高的地区不是气候寒冷的东北或者经济最发达的北上广,而是以成都和重庆为核心的川渝地区。②自然环境维度中,温度越低,李白预期指数越高;温度越低、日照时长越短,李白消费指数越高;而降水、湿度和风速等因素对两个李白指数均不产生实际影响。③社会经济维度中,房价水平、夜间灯光与两个李白指数呈显著正相关。本研究的发现纠正了传统对饮酒偏好地理分布特征的认识误区,验证了温度、日照等自然环境因素和房价、夜间灯光指数等社会经济因素对酒类消费的影响,是新环境决定论的一次积极运用,具有很好的解释力。同时,本文也是多源异构数据综合利用的一次有益尝试。

Alcohol-based drinking consumption has increasingly become an important part of residents'daily leisure life.There is a geographical tradition cognition that people from northern China would have higher preference for drinking than those from southern China,but geographers have not provided scientific answers for this question yet.Starting from this gap,this study attempts to verify the existence of such a regional preference and further reveal its general impact factors of spatial distribution.This study uses Baidu keyword search indexes and Amap alcohol POI data to represent the alcohol-based drinking preferences in each city of China,by considering the interferences of the size of population,structure of population,average income of the citizens,and the prosperity of urban economies.In order to better understand the research results,this study frames the leisure preference of alcohol-based drinking consumption as the"Libai Index",which is composed of Libai expected consumption index and Libai actual consumption index.The results show that:(1)The sptial distribution of the Libai Index is inconsistent with the geographical tradition cognition of Chinese drinking behavior.The Libai Index does not show obvious north-south and east-west differentiation or follow the geographical distribution of the famous Hu Huanyong Line.The region with the highest preference is not the most economically developed cities like Beijing,Shanghai and Guangzhou,but the Sichuan-Chongqing region with Chengdu and Chongqing as the core.(2)In terms of natural environment,the lower the temperature is,the higher the Libai expected consumption index will be;the lower the temperature and the shorter the sunshine duration are,the higher is the Libai actual consumption index;however,precipitation,humidity and wind speed do not have significant impact on the two Libai indexes.(3)In terms of socio-economic environment,housing price level and night light are significantly positively correlated with the two Libai indexes.The findings of this study correct the traditional misunderstanding of the geographical distribution of alcohol-based drinking preference.It reveals the influence of natural environmental factors such as temperature and sunshine duration and social economic factors such as housing price and night light index on alcohol consumption.This work resonates with the neo-environmental determinism and affirms that this theory still has good explanatory power.At the same time,this paper is also a pro-active attempt for the utilization of multi-structure geo-data.