云南省社区健康倡导员服务能力评估

Evaluation on Service Ability of Community Health Advocates in Yunnan Province

目的 通过对云南省社区健康倡导与行为干预项目招募的社区健康倡导员进行评估,了解其在健康基本知识、行为、心理能动性和沟通交流方面的能力,以完善健康倡导员的管理机制。方法 采用自编的调查问卷对健康倡导员进行评估,共完成4 054人的调查。结果 健康倡导员的基本健康知识达标率为74.2%、心理能动性达标率为73.2%、沟通交流能力达标率为77.6%。在基本健康知识方面,由村医担任健康倡导员的达标率高于其他组;每类健康倡导员对“高血压患者进行适度的运动更有利于控制好血压”的认知程度均最低。由村干部、计生宣传员担任的健康倡导员心理能动性自我评分均高于由村医担任的健康倡导员,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。由村医担任的健康倡导员自评完成情况为很好的比例均低于其他三组。结论 不同社区身份的健康倡导员具备自身优势,需要从基本的健康知识和技能、个人健康行为、心理特质、沟通交流能力、工作质量和效果等多维度考虑,建立综合性的社区健康倡导员评估管理制度,以提升整体健康倡导员队伍的能力。

Objective To evaluate the community health advocates recruited by Yunnan Community Health Advocacy and Behavior Intervention Project,and to understand their abilities in basic health knowledge,behavior,psychological initiative and communication,so as to improve the management mechanism of health advocates.Methods A self-designed questionnaire was used to evaluate health advocates,and a total of 4054 people were surveyed.Results The compliance rate of basic health knowledge,psychological initiative and communication ability of health advocates was 74.2%,73.2%and 77.6%,respectively.In terms of basic health knowledge,the compliance rate of health advocates who were village doctor was higher than that of other groups,and each type of health advocates had the lowest degree of cognition that“moderate exercise for hypertensive patients is more conducive to controlling blood pressure”.The self-scores of psychological initiative of health advocates who were village cadres and family planning propagandists were higher than those of village doctors,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).The self-evaluation of village doctors as health advocates was very good,and the proportion was lower than that of the other three groups.Conclusion People with different community identities have their own advantages.It is necessary to establish a comprehensive evaluation and management system for community advocates from the perspectives of basic health knowledge and skills,personal health behavior,psychological characteristics,communication skills,work quality and effect,so as to enhance the overall ability of health advocates.