NASICON型Na_(1+x)Zr_(2)Si_(x)P_(3-x)O_(12)固态电解质及其钠金属电池研究进展

Recent progress of NASICON-type Na_(1+x)Zr_(2)Si_(x)P_(3-x)O_(12)solid electrolyte for sodium metal batteries

锂离子电池由于具有较高的工作电压和能量密度实现了商业化。然而,有限的锂资源限制了其广泛应用。钠离子电池展现出与锂离子电池相似的电化学特性,并且钠盐资源更加丰富,因此受到了广泛关注。目前,钠离子电池使用的是有机电解液,这存在一系列安全隐患,如漏液和燃烧等,采用固态电解质可以有效解决这些问题。然而,电解质的离子电导率仍有待提升,且材料制备的一致性及与电极间的界面阻抗问题限制了其广泛应用。针对离子电导率的问题,总结分析了不同价态离子取代的影响。针对存在的界面问题,从正极、负极两侧分析了现有Na_(1+x)Zr_(2)Si_(x)P_(3-x)O_(12)电解质的界面改性方法。最后,对Na_(1+x)Zr_(2)Si_(x)P_(3-x)O_(12)电解质的发展方向进行了展望,有望推动固态钠离子电池的发展。

Lithium-ion batteries are commercialized due to their high working voltage and energy density.However,the limited lithium resources have hampered their widespread application.Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)have similar electrochemical behavior and rich sodium salt resources,which have attracted wide attention.The current SIBs use organic electrolytes,which have many safety issues such as leakage and combustion,and the use of solid-state electrolytes can effectively solve the above problems.However,the ionic conductivity of this electrolyte needs to be further improved,and the problems of the consistency of the synthesized material and the large interface impedance between the electrode and electrolyte limit its practical application.To settle the problem of ionic conductivity,the effects of substituted different multi-valence metal ions were summarized and analyzed.In view of the interface problems,the existing interface modification methods of Na_(1+x)Zr_(2)Si_(x)P_(3-x)O_(12) electrolytes from the cathode and anode sides were reviewed and analyzed.Finally,the development direction of Na_(1+x)Zr_(2)Si_(x)P_(3-x)O_(12) solid electrolytes was forecasted,which was expected to promote the development of solid SIBs.