溶解氧海水电池海洋环境适应性研究进展

Research progress on adaptability of dissolved oxygen seawater batteries in marine environment

海洋能源供应是海洋水下探测网络的“心脏”。溶解氧海水电池是为大规模水下观测系统与海洋开发设备提供能源的重要选择。由于其开放结构设计,溶解氧海水电池的电化学性能和运行稳定性容易受到复杂海洋环境的影响。介绍了溶解氧海水电池的工作原理和应用领域,系统阐述了影响溶解氧海水电池输出性能及稳定性的几种主要海洋环境因素。系统总结了温度、溶解氧浓度、杂离子毒化、海水腐蚀及海洋生物污损等主要海洋环境影响因素对溶解氧海水电池的影响机制,并探讨了当前的控制策略。最后,展望了溶解氧海水电池电极材料设计及全电池器件改进的研究方向,为进一步推动溶解氧海水电池在实况海洋环境中的应用提供思路。

Marine energy supply is the“heart”of marine underwater exploration networks.Dissolved oxygen seawater batteries are an important option for providing energy for large-scale underwater observation systems and ocean development equipment.Due to the open structure,the performance and operational stability of dissolved oxygen seawater batteries are easily affected by the complex marine environment.The working principle and application fields of dissolved oxygen seawater batteries were introduced.In addition,several major marine environmental factors that affected the output performance and stability of dissolved oxygen seawater batteries were systematically elaborated.The influence mechanism of temperature,dissolved oxygen concentration,hetero-ionic toxicity,seawater corrosion and marine biofouling on dissolved oxygen seawater battery and the current control strategies were systematically summarized.Finally,the future research direction of electrode material design and full-cell device modification was proposed,paving the way towards further application of dissolved oxygen seawater batteries in real marine environments.