接力催化CO_(2)制备高附加值化学品中催化剂的研究进展

Research progress on catalysts for relay-catalysis of CO_(2) to prepare high value-added chemicals

全球工业化快速发展导致二氧化碳(CO_(2))的过度排放,继而引发日益严峻的“温室”效应,利用CO_(2)催化转化为高附加值化学品,可实现碳资源的循环利用和节能减排。随着CO_(2)热催化转化研究的不断深入及接力催化体系的构建,研究人员在CO_(2)接力催化制备高附加值化学品的研究中不断取得新的科研成果。总结了近期CO_(2)制备低碳烯烃、芳烃及含氧碳氢化合物的接力催化反应中各类催化剂的结构特点、接力催化反应机理及催化性能特点,详细分析了各类金属氧化物与不同分子筛结合形成的双功能催化剂在反应中的所起的作用,讨论了双功能催化剂上影响催化性能的关键因素。并对今后接力催化反应中双功能催化剂在活性组分结构、形貌、结合方式等方面的调整措施作出展望,以期提升CO_(2)的转化率和目标产品的选择性。

The rapid development of global industrialization has led to excessive emissions of carbon dioxide(CO_(2)),which in turn has led to increasingly severe green house effect.The catalytic conversion of CO_(2)into high value-added chemicals can achieve the recycling of carbon resources and energy conservation and emission reduction.With the continuous deepening of research on CO_(2)thermal catalytic conversion and the construction of relay-catalysis systems,researchers had continuously achieved new scientific research results in the preparation of high value-added chemicals through CO_(2)relay catalysis.By summarizing the mechanism and advantages of relay-catalysis reactions,as well as the recent structural characteristics,reaction mechanisms,and catalytic performance characteristics of various catalysts in the relay-catalysis reactions of CO_(2)to prepare low-carbon olefins,aromatics,and oxygen-containing hydrocarbons,a detailed analysis was conducted on the role of bifunctional catalysts formed by the combination of various metal compounds and different molecular sieves in the reaction,and the key factors affecting catalytic performance on bifunctional catalysts were discussed.The adjustment measures of the structure,morphology,and binding mode of the active components of bifunctional catalysts in future relay-catalysis reactions were prospected,in order to improve the conversion rate of CO_(2)and the selectivity of the target product.