软土基坑开挖对相邻建(构)筑物结构变形影响研究进展

Research Progress for Effects of Soft Soil Foundation Pit Excavation on Deformation of Adjacent Buildings(Structures)

近些年,随着我国城市化进程的不断加快,城市空间开始向地下发展,基坑开挖对相邻建(构)筑物的影响日益受到人们的关注。基坑开挖卸荷会对周围岩土体产生扰动,进而对相邻建(构)筑物产生不良影响。因此,应采取相应的保护措施,控制其结构变形,确保相邻建(构)筑物的安全。为全面了解软土地区基坑开挖对相邻建(构)筑物影响的研究进展,首先,将相邻建(构)筑物分为既有隧道,邻近桩基和邻近建筑物三类进行讨论;然后从理论解析、数值模拟、现场监测3个方面对软土基坑开挖对相邻建(构)筑物的影响研究进展进行阐述;最后对既有研究成果进行展望:建议未来研究应多因素综合分析,利用物联网等先进技术实时监测基坑施工对相邻建(构)筑物的影响,探索新型支护结构,开发智能决策支持工具,希望能为城市基础设施建设提供更全面和可靠的参考。

In recent years,with the continuous acceleration of China’s urbanization process,the urban areas have begun to develop underground space,and the impact of pit excavation on adjacent buildings(structures)has been increasingly concerned.The unloading of foundation pit excavation will cause disturbance to the surrounding geotechnical soils,which in turn will have an adverse effect on the neighboring buildings(structures),so corresponding protective measures should be taken to control the structural deformation and ensure the safety of the neighboring buildings(structures).In order to comprehensively understand the research progress of the impact of foundation pit excavation on adjacent buildings in soft soil areas,firstly,the adjacent buildings are divided into three categories,including the existing tunnels,adjacent piles and adjacent buildings.Then,the research progress on the impact of foundation pit excavation on adjacent buildings in soft soil is elaborated from three aspects,namely theoretical analysis,numerical simulation,and on-site monitoring.Finally,the existing research results are outlooked and it is suggested that the future research should analyze multiple factors comprehensively,use advanced technologies such as the Internet of Things to monitor the impact of foundation pit construction on adjacent buildings(structures)in real time,explore new types of support structures,and develop intelligent decision support tools.It can provide more comprehensive and reliable references for urban infrastructure construction.