图文结合多媒体教育联合加速康复外科护理对脊柱骨折手术患者术后疼痛及术后恢复的影响

Effects of Graphic and Multimedia Education Combined with Enhanced Recovery after Surgery Nursing on Postoperative Pain and Recovery of Patients Undergoing Spinal Fracture Surgery

目的探讨图文结合多媒体教育联合加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)护理在脊柱骨折手术患者中的应用效果。方法方便选取2021年11月—2023年10月浙江省人民医院毕节医院收治的94例脊柱骨折患者为研究对象,按护理方法不同分为两组,各47例。对照组采取常规护理,观察组采取图文结合多媒体教育联合ERAS护理。比较两组术后疼痛评分、心理状态评分、术后恢复情况、并发症发生率、功能康复水平及护理满意度。结果观察组术后72 h的疼痛评分及护理后的焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。观察组肛门排气时间、肠鸣音恢复时间、下床活动时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。观察组并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随访3个月,观察组美国脊柱损伤协会评分高于对照组,Oswestry功能障碍指数评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。观察组护理满意度为97.87%(46/47),高于对照组的82.98%(39/47),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.424,P<0.05)。结论图文结合多媒体教育联合ERAS护理能减轻脊柱骨折手术患者术后疼痛,加快康复,改善心理状态,减少并发症,获得更高的护理满意度。

Objective To explore the application effect of graphics and multimedia education combined with enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)nursing in patients with spinal fractures.Methods Ninety-four patients with spinal fracture admitted to Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital Bijie Hospital from November 2021 to October 2023 were conveniently selected as the research objects and divided into two groups according to different nursing methods,with 47 cases in each group.The control group received routine nursing,and the observation group received ERAS nursing combined with graphics and multimedia education.Postoperative pain score,psychological status score,postoperative recovery,complication rate,functional rehabilitation levels and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results The pain score 72 h after operation and scores of Self-rating Anxiety Scale and Self-rating Depression Scale after nursing of the observation group were lower than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).The anal exhaust time,bowel sounds recovery time,time to get out of bed of the observation group were shorter than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).The incidence of complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After 3 months of follow-up,the score of American Spinal Injury Association in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,and the score of Oswestry Disability Index was lower than that in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(both P<0.05).The nursing satisfaction of the observation group was 97.87%(46/47),which was higher than 82.98%(39/47)of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.424,P<0.05).Conclusion Graphics and multimedia education combined with ERAS nursing can alleviate postoperative pain,accelerate recovery,improve psychological status,reduce complications,and achieve higher nursing satisfaction in patients undergoing spinal fracture surgery.