女大学生妇科恶性肿瘤预警症状认知水平及影响因素分析

Analysis of cognitive level and influencing factors of early warning symptoms of gynecological malignant tumors in female college students

目的 了解女大学生妇科恶性肿瘤预警症状认知水平及影响因素,为提升女大学生妇科恶性肿瘤预警症状的认知水平提供参考依据。方法 2021年8月1日—9月1日使用自编问卷收集数据,通过判断抽样方法选取在云南省参加暑期社会实践活动的在校女大学生进行横断面调查,有效样本量为530例。采用Wilcoxon秩和检验和二元logistic回归分析女大学生妇科恶性肿瘤认知水平及其影响因素。结果 问卷有效率为97.97%(530/541)。描述性分析显示:女大学生对宫颈病变、异常阴道流血、异常阴道分泌物3类预警症状的知晓率依次为81.9%、71.9%、63.0%。二元logistic回归分析显示:月生活费>1 200元、无亲朋患癌史和无熬夜史的受访者具有更高的宫颈病变认知水平(P<0.05);年龄≥20岁和月生活费>1 200元的受访者具有更高的异常阴道流血、阴道分泌物认知水平(P<0.05)。结论 女大学生妇科恶性肿瘤预警症状认知水平有待进一步提高,应开展针对性的健康教育以提高女大学生妇科恶性肿瘤预警症状的认知水平,提升女大学生的癌症“早发现、早诊断、早治疗”健康意识。

ObjectiveTo investigate the cognitive level and influencing factors of early warning symptoms of gynecological malignant tumors in female college students,aiming to provide references for improving the cognitive level of early warning symptoms of gynecological malignant tumors in female college students.MethodsFrom August 1,to September 1,2021,self-compiled questionnaires were used to collect data,and a cross-sectional survey was conducted on female college students who participated in summer social practice activities in Yunnan Province through judgment sampling,with an effective sample size of 530 cases.Wilcoxon rank-sum test and binary logistic regression were used to analyze the cognitive level and influencing factors of gynecological malignant tumors in female college students.ResultsThe effective rate of the questionnaire was 97.97%(530/541).Descriptive analysis showed that the awareness rates of female college students about three types of early warning symptoms:cervical lesions,abnormal vaginal bleeding,and abnormal vaginal discharge were 81.9%,71.9%,and 63.0%,respectively.Binary logistic regression analysis showed that the respondents with a monthly living expense of > 1 200 yuan,no history of cancer from relatives and friends,and no history of staying up late had a higher level of awareness of cervical lesions(P<0.05).Respondents aged ≥ 20 years old and with a monthly living expense of > 1 200 yuan had higher cognitive levels of abnormal vaginal bleeding and vaginal discharge(P<0.05).ConclusionThe awareness level of early warning symptoms of gynecological malignant tumors needs to be further improved,and targeted health education should be carried out to improve the awareness level of early warning symptoms of gynecological malignant tumors of female college students,and to enhance the health awareness of“early detection,early diagnosis and early treatment”of cancer among female college students.