职业本科教育人才培养定位的内在逻辑与规定性

The Internal Logic and Prescriptiveness of Talents Cultivation Positioning of Vocational Undergraduate Education

职业本科教育在层次定位上要立位于职业教育的高层次,培养高层次岗位的高阶型人才;在类型定位上要站位“职业性”,彰显职业教育的特征;在培养定位上要凸显“技术性”的主位,培养学生对技术本质的认知,具有技术问题解决、技术难题攻关、技术发展创新等能力;在能力定位上要坚持“实践性”本位,培养学生的职业行动能力;在面向定位上要匹配省(区)域产业发展需要培养人才,突显方位的适应性;在服务定位上要有针对性地选择有专长的特定领域的高端行业或高端产品与服务培养人才,展现自身的强位。基于上述逻辑,职业本科教育的专业人才培养定位,要避免片面提“培养高技能人才”或者“培养现场工程师”的误区,应遵循以“型”定名,在“名”下细化培养。基于“产业链微笑曲线”,职业本科教育人才培养定位在高端产业链上高端企业就业的技术和产品与服务开发型或技术应用型人才。

Vocational undergraduate education should be positioned at the high level of vocational education to cultivate high-level talents for high-level positions.In terms of type positioning,it should be positioned as“vocational”,highlighting the characteristics of vocational education.In terms of cultivation positioning,the main position of“technicality”should be highlighted,and students should be cultivated to know the nature of technology,and have the ability to solve technical problems,tackle technical difficulties,and innovate in technological development.In terms of ability positioning,it should adhere to the“practical”orientation and cultivate students’vocational action ability.In terms of orientation positioning,it should match the needs of provincial(regional)industrial development to cultivate talents and highlight the adaptability of the orientation.In terms of service positioning,selecting high-end industries or products and services in specific fields with expertise is necessary to cultivate talents and show its strong position.Based on the above logic,the positioning of professional talents training in vocational undergraduate education should avoid the positioning misunderstanding of onesidedly mentioning“cultivating high-skilled talents”or“cultivating field engineers”.The“type”of specialization should be followed,and students should be trained in a detailed manner under the“specialization”.Based on the“smiling curve of the industrial chain”,vocational undergraduate education talent cultivation is positioned in the high-end enterprises of the high-end industrial chain to employ technology and product and service development or technology application talents.