儿科护士预防和处理静脉药物渗出/外渗知信行问卷的编制及信效度检验

Development of a KAP Questionnaire on Prevention and Handling of Infiltration/Extravasation for Pediatric Nurses and Its Reliability and Validity Test

目的 基于知信行理论编制儿科护士预防和处理静脉药物渗出/外渗知信行问卷,并检验其信效度。方法 以知信行理论为框架,通过文献回顾、德尔菲法专家咨询和预调查,初步形成“儿科护士预防和处理静脉药物渗出/外渗知信行问卷”。2022年5月,采用便利抽样法,以复旦大学附属儿科医院的240名护士为调查对象,对初始问卷进行区分度分析、项目分析及信效度检验筛选条目,形成正式问卷。于2022年6月选取全国9所三级甲等医院的332名儿科护士进行验证性因子分析。结果 基于理论框架、文献研究及专家函询等方法编制的“儿科护士预防和处理静脉药物渗出/外渗知信行问卷”包含16个条目(知识维度6条目、态度维度4条目、行为维度6条目)。其中,知识维度6个条目的难度系数为0.31~0.66,区分度系数为0.30~0.60。态度与行为维度累计方差贡献率为55.819%,其Cronbach's α系数为0.779,折半信度为0.659,内容效度为0.920。验证性因子分析显示模型适配良好。结论 儿科护士预防和处理静脉药物渗出/外渗知信行问卷知识维度条目区分度良好,态度及行为维度均具有较好的信效度,可用于评估儿科护士对静脉药物渗出/外渗的预防与处理的知信行水平。

Objective To develop a KAP questionnaire on the prevention and handling of infiltration/extravasation for pediatric nurses based on the KAP(knowledge,attitudes and practices) theory and test its reliability and validity.Methods Based on the KAP theory,the "KAP Questionnaire on Prevention and Handling of Infiltration/Extravasation for Pediatric Nurses" was drafted through literature review,expert consultation(Delphi method) and pilot test.In May 2022,240 nurses were selected from the Children's Hospital of Fudan University by convenience sampling for discrimination,item analysis and reliability and validity tests to item screening.Then,a formal questionnaire was formed.In June 2022,332 pediatric nurses were selected from 9 Grade Ⅲ-A hospitals nationwide for confirmatory factor analysis.Results The KAP Questionnaire developed based on KAP theory,literature review and expert consultation consisted of 16 items(6 items in the knowledge dimension,4 items in the attitude dimension and 6 items in the practice dimension).For the 6 items in the knowledge dimension,the difficulty coefficient was 0.31–0.66 and the discrimination coefficient was 0.30 – 0.60.For the attitude and practice dimension of the questionnaire,the cumulative variance contribution rate was 55.819%,Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.779,split-half reliability was 0.659and content validity was 0.920.Confirmatory factor analysis exhibited good model fit.Conclusion For the KAP Questionnaire on Prevention and Handling of Infiltration/Extravasation for Pediatric Nurses,the items in the knowledge dimension showed good discrimination and the items in the attitude and practice dimensions showed good reliability and validity.Therefore,the questionnaire is a reliable tool for evaluating the KAP level of pediatric nurses on the prevention and handling of infiltration/extravasation.