禹、鱼、羽:跨学科视域下禹步的文化内涵

On the Cultural Connotations of Yubu from an Interdisciplinary Perspective

综合宗教学、人类学、神话学、历史学等多学科视角,将禹步置于中华文明源流的整体背景中重新考察,可以得到关于其文化内涵的更多发现:(1)禹步源于对鸟步的模仿,大禹崇拜与鸟崇拜关系密切;(2)鲧、禹形象分别与鱼、鸟崇拜相关,鲧禹治水故事可视为“鱼鸟化生”信仰母题的变相;(3)禹步的核心是特定的程式化步法动作,其深刻意义在于经由仪式实践、传承“绝地天通”信仰结构。

Synthesizing multidisciplinary perspectives including Religious Studies,Anthropology,Mythology and History,more connotations of Yubu could be found when we put the subject into the cultural background of Chinese civilization:(1)Yubu derived from the imitation to birds'gait,the worship of Dayu is closely related to the worship of birds.(2)The images of Gun and Yu are respectively related to the worship of fishes and birds,their story of regulating rivers and watercourses could be seen as a variant of the belief motif of“fishes transformed into birds”.(3)The essence of Yubu is a particular set of gait,the profound meaning of which could be interpreted as transmitting the“Jue Ditiantong”belief structure through ritual practice.