“一带一路”背景下交通基础设施建设对收入不平等的影响研究

Study on Impact of Transportation Infrastructure Construction on Income Inequality in Countries along the Belt and Road

“一带一路”倡议提出以来,各国以基础设施互联互通为基石,开展全方位合作。交通基础设施是其中的重点项目,对推动“一带一路”沿线国家高质量发展和提升国民收入具有积极的意义。基础设施的完善不仅能拉动经济增长,还会对收入不平等产生影响。本文选取2010—2019年沿线29个发展中国家的面板数据,运用Driscoll-Kraay标准误差估计法,考察交通基础设施建设对收入不平等的影响。结果表明:公路与港口基础设施建设会加剧收入不平等,而铁路与航空基础设施建设有助于缓解收入不平等。结果表明:公路与港口基础设施建设显著扩大上层收入群体的收入份额,缩小中下层收入群体的收入份额;而铁路与航空基础设施则分别显著扩大中层与下层收入群体的收入份额。据此,本文提出了针对性的建议,以供参考。

Since the proposal of the"Belt and Road"initiative,countries have been conducting all-around cooperation based on infrastructure connectivity.Transportation infrastructure is a key focus of these projects and plays a positive role in promoting high-quality development and increasing national income along the Belt and Road.The improvement of infrastructure not only drives economic growth but also affects income inequality.This paper selects panel data from 29 developing countries along the Belt and Road from 2010 to 2019 and uses the Driscoll-Kraay standard error estimation method to examine the impact of transportation infrastructure construction on income inequality.The results show that road and port infrastructure construction exacerbates income inequality,while rail and aviation infrastructure construction helps alleviate it.Specifically,road and port infrastructure significantly expands the income share of higher-income groups,while reducing the income share of middle and lower-income groups;rail and aviation infrastructure,on the other hand,significantly increases the income share of middle and lower-income groups.Based on these findings,this paper proposes targeted recommendations for reference.