上海中心城区应对极端暴雨平急两用设施规划方法探索

Exploration on planning method of dual-purpose facilities for coping with extreme rainstorm in Shanghai central area

近年来,极端天气造成的内涝灾害日渐成为社会关注的热点,相应各地的排水系统提标建设不断提速。然而针对超标降雨,一方面无法超标提标,另一方面,超标降雨事件发生概率低与设施平日效益难以发挥的矛盾也难以解决,因此平急两用成为一种较为合理的技术手段。然而,针对平急两用设施建设的工程标准,发挥效益的针对对象,启用恢复的方式等相关研究较少,影响了平急两用设施的规划与建设。选取上海中心城区Z排水系统,探索采用“六步法”解决极端暴雨下平急设施的规划问题,通过积水风险叠加重点对象,按照高风险对象200m范围规划平急两用设施,可降低重点对象在极端事件的内涝风险,研究可为平急两用设施规划的编制提供一定参考。

In recent years,waterlogging disasters caused by extreme weather have increasingly become a hot topic of social attention,and the construction of drainage systems in corresponding places has been accelerating.However,for excessive rainfall,on the one hand,it is impossible to exceed the standard and raise the standard.On the other hand,the contradiction between the low probability of excessive rainfall events and the difficulty in exerting the daily benefits of facilities is difficult to resolve.Therefore,dual purpose facilities become a more reasonable technical means.However,there are few relevant research on the engineering standards corresponding to both civilian and emergency facilities,the targets for achieving benefits,and the methods of activation and restoration,which has affected the planning and construction of dual civilian and emergency facilities.In this paper,the Z drainage system in Shanghai’s central urban area is selected to explore the six-step method to solve the planning problem of emergency facilities under extreme heavy rains.By superimposing the water accumulation risk on key objects,the construction of emergency dualuse facilities is planned within 200 meters of high-risk objects,which can reduce the risk of waterlogging for key objects in extreme events.The research in this paper can provide some reference for the preparation of the planning of dual-use facilities for both peacetime and emergency purposes.