都市圈分层结构的铁路站点密度和等级分析

Analysis of Railway Station Density and Level in Hierarchical Structure of Metropolitan Areas

铁路站点是支撑与引导都市圈经济社会发展与空间结构组织的重要基础设施,我国都市圈层面的城际铁路与市域铁路规划建设仍处于起步阶段,在实践中出现站点等级、密度与都市圈圈层错配问题,急需挖掘都市圈空间组织结构与铁路点密度、等级的规律,解析都市圈分层结构的铁路站点规划机理。本文以17个都市圈为研究对象,基于人口迁徙、经济吸引与产业活动等多维空间关联构建城市综合关联强度模型,提出都市圈的核心圈、紧密圈边界(即分层结构)识别方法。采用趋势线分析法发现人口密度、地均产出等经济社会指标与都市圈分层结构的铁路站点密度、等级的发展关系分别为“S型”和“对数型”,且我国多数都市圈核心圈的铁路站点密度与等级仍低于目前经济社会条件下协同发展需达到的水平。本文提出铁路站点等级与站域空间发展协同性分析方法,经评估发现南昌、天津、武汉等都市圈的站点等级与圈层结构错位,较多站点存在站域开发强度不足、接驳交通发展滞后等问题,并针对性提出了发展指引策略。

Railway stations are pivotal infrastructures that drive economic and social development,as well as the spatial organization of urban areas.In China,the planning and construction of intercity and municipal railways at the metropolitan level are in their infancy.This often results in discrepancies in station levels,density,and urban areas.The need to explore the principles of urban spatial organization structure,railway station density and level,and to examine the railway stations planning mechanism within the urban hierarchical structure is urgent.This study examines 17 metropolitan areas and builds a comprehensive urban correlation intensity model,grounded on multi-dimensional spatial correlations such as population migration,economic attraction,and industrial activities.A method for identifying the boundaries of the core and tight circles(i.e.,the hierarchical structure)of a metropolitan area is suggested.Trend line analysis revealed that the development relationship between economic and social indicators,such as population density and average output,and the density and level of railway stations within the metropolitan area's hierarchical structure,adhere to"S-shaped"and"logarithmic"patterns.It was also observed that the density and level of railway stations in the core circles of most urban areas in China are still below the level necessary for coordinated development under current economic and social conditions.This study presents an analysis method for the synergy between railway station levels and station space development.The evaluation showed that the station levels and hierarchical structures in metropolitan areas such as Nanchang,Tianjin,and Wuhan are not aligned.Many stations are grappling with issues such as insufcient site development intensity and lagging development of connecting transportation.To mitigate these issues,this study suggests targeted development guidance strategies.