通用机场地理空间异质性研究

Geographic Spatial Heterogeneity of General Aviation Airports

为探讨不同因素对通用机场发展的空间影响,基于2019年美国通用机场多项数据,以通用机场的本场飞行活动量为因变量,构建地理加权回归模型进行空间异质性分析。研究发现,机场服务能力、机场设施和航空活动对本场飞行活动量在空间上起到不同的影响:机场服务能力方面,驻场航空器数量的正相关性总体表现为西高东低;跑道数量与跑道总长的作用则相反,两者的作用均为由西至东逐渐增强;机场设施中,机场占地面积影响比较低,直升机停机坪数量大致表现为北高南低的正向影响程度;航空活动中的转场飞行活动量对本场飞行活动量主要为积极作用且在东部地区最明显。

To explore the spatial impacts of diferent factors on the development of general aviation airports,this paper is based on multiple data from US general aviation airports in 2019,the local operation is taken as the dependent variable,and a geographically weighted regression model is constructed to conduct spatial heterogeneity analysis.It is found that airport service capacity,airport facilities,and aviation activities have diferent spatial impacts on local operation.Regarding airport service capacity,the correlation of the number of base aircraft generally exhibits a west-high and east-low trend;however,the efects of the number of runways and the total length of runway are opposite,with both efects gradually increasing from west to east.In terms of airport facilities,the impact of the total land area of the airport is relatively low,and the number of helipad generally demonstrates a north-high and south-low positive influence.Additionally,itinerant operation in aviation operations mainly has a positive efect on local operation,with the most signifcant impact observed in the eastern region.