施莱尔马赫的伦理学、辩证法与解释学

Schleiermacher's Ethics,Dialectics,and Hermeneutics

施莱尔马赫是现代解释学之父,然而,他的解释学需要纳入其整个思想体系中方能真正把握。除了神学外,就哲学来讲,最主要和关键的是他的伦理学、辩证法与解释学的关系,这在其解释学讲座中有提示,但未展开。他的伦理学是广义的,不同于我们今天的理解,他的辩证法作为认识论的原则具有形而上学和方法论的意义,而他的解释学与伦理学、辩证法相通融,正如他的伦理学是辩证的伦理学,他的解释学也可称作辩证的解释学。所有这些都能与当代伽达默尔的思想相呼应,从而显示出施莱尔马赫作为哲学解释学先驱的重要意义。

Schleiermacher is the father of modern hermeneutics,but his hermeneutics needs to be integrated into his whole system of thought in order to truly grasp it.In addition to theology,in philosophy,the most important and crucial aspect is the relationship amang his ethics,dialectics,and hermeneutics,which was hinted at in his hermeneutic lectures but not elaborated.His ethics is broad and different from our understanding today.His dialectics,as a principle of epistemology,has metaphysical and methodological significance,and his hermeneutics is integrated with his ethics and dialectics.Just as his ethics is dialectical ethics,his hermeneutics can also be called dialectical hermeneutics.All of these can echo with contemporary Gadamer's thought,thus showing the important significance of Schleiermacher as a pioneer of philosophical hermeneutics.