烃类热裂解和催化裂解技术的研究进展

Research Progress of Hydrocarbons Thermal and Catalytic Cracking

烃类热裂解和催化裂解技术的发展,有助于提高石油资源的利用率,满足日益增长的石油化工产品需求。介绍了烃类裂解技术的研究现状,总结了热裂解和催化裂解的技术特点。阐述了烃类热裂解反应机理、烃类热裂解过程模拟、金属氧化物和分子筛催化剂特性、以及烃类催化裂解过程模拟等研究进展。重点分析了烃分子结构与热裂解反应的构效关系、分子筛催化剂与烃类催化裂解的构效关系。归纳总结了石油烃热裂解、催化裂解技术的核心问题及未来研究方向,为改善烃类热裂解、催化裂解制石油化工产品工艺提供理论基础。

The development of hydrocarbons thermal and catalytic cracking processes is positive to improve the utilization of petroleum resources,thus meeting the growing demand of petrochemicals.The paper introduces the research status and development trend of hydrocarbons cracking technology,comprehensively summarizes the reaction characteristics of thermal cracking and catalytic cracking,elaborates on the reaction mechanism for hydrocarbons thermal cracking,the characteristics of metal oxides and zeolite catalysts,and the process simulation for hydrocarbons thermal and catalytic cracking.Moreover,the study focuses on analyzing the structure-activity relationship between hydrocarbon molecular structure and thermal cracking,and that between zeolite catalysts and hydrocarbons catalytic cracking.Based on the current research status,the core problems and research directions of hydrocarbons thermal and catalytic cracking technology are summarized and prospected,which can provide a theoretical foundation for improving hydrocarbons cracking technologies to produce petrochemicals.