城市公园蚊虫防控景观设计

Mosquito Control-Oriented Landscape Design for Urban Parks

城市公园是优质人居环境和生态斑块的重要组成部分,然而茂密的植被和阴湿的环境也使城市公园成为蚊虫孳生的主要场所,蚊虫滋扰已成为影响人们游憩康养舒适感的最主要因素之一,还存在潜在的传染病传播风险。文章根据蚊虫防控的相关研究和现实案例,解析城市公园蚊虫防治的基本原理和主要手段,分别从公园水生环境与陆生植物群落设计、驱虫捕虫植物、蚊虫天敌的栖息地营造、蚊虫诱捕装置以及管理维护等方面提出基于环境防治和生物防控相结合的城市公园景观设计方法和措施,为建设无蚊型城市公园、促进园林康养、创建宜居城市环境提供理论依据和实践参考。

Urban parks are the most essential part of the high-quality urban living environment and the ecological patches.However,due to the dense vegetation and humid environment,they are also the major breeding ground for mosquitoes.Mosquito infestations are believed as one of the most significant factors affecting touristscomfort and health,as well as the potential risk of infectious diseases.Referring to the research on and the practical cases of mosquito control,this paper analyzes the fundamental principles and main methods of mosquito control in urban parks,and proposes the approaches and measures for urban park landscape design based on environmental and biological control,from the aspects of design of aquatic environment and terrestrial vegetation community,repellent and predator plants,habitat creations for mosquito predators,mosquito trapping devices,and the maintenance management.The study would provide theoretical and practical support for constructing the mosquito-free urban parks,promoting the health activities in parks and creating the livable urban environment.