辽宁地区残存自然生境草本植物分布及其影响因子

Distribution of Herbaceous Plants in Residual Natural Habitats in Liaoning Region and Its Influencing Factors

作为区域乡土物种多样性最高的生境,残存自然生境建立了物种多样性的基础,具有较高的地域文化价值。利用CCA典范对应分析法对辽宁残存自然生境草本植物种类进行数量排序,分析草本植物分布与生境因子的关系,探究不同生境条件下的草本植物种类自然分布规律。结果表明:1)辽宁地区残存自然生境草本植物共有38科111属133种,草本植物群落中占优势的科主要有菊科、毛茛科、唇形科和禾本科;2)影响辽宁地区残存自然生境草本植物分布的主要生境因子为土壤含水量和光照。据此,提出不同城市生境中草本植物应用策略,即应根据生境土壤水分和光照条件选择适生草本植物、注重乡土草本植物的应用、增加多年生草本植物比例、混植观赏草与花卉、延长草本植物群落的物候观赏期、营造自然野趣的植物景观,为本土小动物提供宝贵的栖息地。

As the habitat with the highest diversity of regionally native species,the residual natural habitat has provided the basis of species diversity and boasts a high regional cultural value.Using CCA canonical correspondence analysis,the number of herbaceous plant species in the residual natural habitats in Liaoning are ranked.The relationship between distribution of herbaceous plants and habitat factors is analyzed to explore the natural distribution pattern of herbaceous plant species under different habitat conditions.The results show that:1)There are 133 species of herbs in 111 genera of 38 families in the residual natural habitats in Liaoning.Compositaceae,Ranunculaceae,Labiaceae and Gramineae are the dominant families in the herbaceous community;and 2)Soil water content and illumination are the main habitat factors that determine the distribution of herbaceous plants in the residual natural habitats in Liaoning.Accordingly,the application strategy of herbaceous plants in urban habitats is proposed,i.e.,selecting suitable herbaceous plants according to the soil moisture and light conditions of the habitat,emphasizing the application of native herbaceous plants,increasing the proportion of perennial herbaceous plants,enhancing the mixture of ornamental grasses and flowers,prolonging the ornamental period of herb communities,creating a natural wild plant landscape,and providing valuable habitats for native small-sized animals.