城市住区老年人购物感知可达性的影响因素分析

A Study on the Factors Influencing the Perceived Accessibility of Shopping among Elderly People in Urban Residential Areas

在人口老龄化和居家养老的背景下,老年人步行购物是其日常生活的重要组成部分,有助于提升老年人的生活品质及体力活动水平,而购物目的地的可达性是老年人顺利进行日常步行购物的必要前提。关于可达性的研究主要聚焦于通过客观数据计算的客观可达性,忽视了老年人主观感知的可达性。本文以大连主城区为例,分析了老年人步行购物感知可达性和客观可达性的差异性,以及老年人步行购物感知可达性在个体特征、建成环境、社会环境三个方面的影响因素。研究结果表明老年人步行购物感知可达性与客观可达性存在差异,且感知可达性对实际购物出行行为相对更有影响力,年龄、行动能力、交通安全、居住区位、社会环境均会影响老年人的步行购物感知可达性。

Walking shopping is an important part of the elderly’s daily life in the context of population aging and aging in place.It helps to improve the quality of life and physical activity of the elderly.Accessibility of shopping destinations is a necessary prerequisite for the elderly to carry out daily walking shopping smoothly.The present research on accessibility mainly focuses on the objective accessibility calculated by objective data,ignoring the subjective perception accessibility of the elderly.Taking main urban area of Dalian as an example,this paper analyzes the mismatch between the perceived accessibility and objective accessibility of the elderly walking shopping,and the influencing factors of the elderly walking shopping perceived accessibility in three aspects:individual characteristics,built environment and social environment.The research results show that there is a mismatch between the perceived accessibility and the objective accessibility of walking shopping for the elderly,and the perceived accessibility has relatively more influence on the actual shopping travel behavior.Age,mobility,traffic safety,residential location and social environment will all affect the perceived accessibility of walking shopping for the elderly.