基于手机信令数据的大型购物中心活力特征及建成环境影响因素分析

An Analysis of the Vitality Characteristics and Environmental Impact Factors of Large Shopping Centers Based on Mobile Phone Signaling Data

如今大型购物中心承担了很多公共娱乐功能,也属于公共空间的一部分,但鲜有学者将其作为公共活动空间来进行分类与研究。本文依据公共空间活力指标体系,从空间使用主体的视角选取大型购物中心活力的构成指标,并基于手机信令数据,对深圳市南山区大型购物中心活力展开实证研究,总结其活力位序与空间特征,并分析建成环境的影响因素。结果表明:1.大型购物中心按照使用人群来源聚集可以分为广域型与地缘型,广域型大型购物中心综合活力较高,而地缘型大型购物中心重访率高,且人流密度对大型购物中心综合活力的影响最大。2.公交可达性、与大型公共空间相邻布置、15分钟步行等时圈内居住人口密度对大型购物中心活力具有显著影响。3.研究公共空间活力的常用指标驻留时长,用来研究大型购物中心活力存在一定的不适性,只有在大型购物中心本身能满足所有到访人流的基本需求时,驻留时长才能真正反映大型购物中心的活力。

Nowadays,large shopping centers undertake many public entertainment functions and are also part of urban public spaces.But few scholars classify and study them as public activity spaces.This article selects the constituent indicators of the vitality of large shopping centers from the perspective of spatial users,based on the indicator system of public space vitality.Based on the mobile phone signaling data,this paper conducts an empirical study on the vitality of the large shopping centers in Nanshan District,Shenzhen,summarizes their vitality sequence and spatial characteristics,and analyzes the influencing factors of the built environment.The results indicate that:a.Large shopping centers can be divided into wide area type and regional type according to the source of user aggregation.Wide area large shopping centers have higher comprehensive vitality,while regional large shopping centers have higher revisit rates.And the impact of pedestrian density on the comprehensive vitality of large shopping centers is the greatest.b.The accessibility of public transportation,adjacent layout with large public spaces,and residential population density within a 15-minute walk time circle has significant impacts on the vitality of large shopping centers.c.The commonly used indicator for studying the vitality of public spaces is the duration of stay,which is incompatible in studying the vitality of large shopping centers.Only when the large shopping centers themselves can meet the basic needs of all visitors,can the duration of stay truly reflect the vitality of large shopping centers.