法规制度引领下现代居住型历史街区保护复兴——以德国卡尔·雷吉恩住区为例

Conservation and Renaissance in Modern Housing Estate Heritages Under the Guidance of Laws and Regulations:a Case Study of German Wohnstadt Carl Legien

随着中国在经济、社会、文化和技术方面的发展,人民对住房品质和人居环境提出更高的要求。本文选取第一批列入世界文化遗产的现代居住型历史街区——卡尔·雷吉恩住区进行研究,分析了国家发展转型背景下政策制定对住房变革的影响。对卡尔·雷吉恩住区的保护措施实施前后进行分析,评估实施效果,推导出实践环节中关键举措。研究关键举措的制定逻辑,梳导出德国在法律层面上指导居住型历史街区保护发展的重要内容,从宏观和微观两个角度出发,判定德国《建筑法典》和《柏林遗产保护法》对住区保护复兴的保障作用。整理卡尔·雷吉恩住区在保护性法规的约束下形成的实施策略,用实例研究和实地调研的方式分析法规制度如何在促进住房品质提升的同时保护和利用文化遗产。

The research object is the modern housing estate heritages that are among the first on the UNESCO World Heritage list in Germany,and analyzes the key factors affecting the practices of residence protection.It analyzes the protection measures before and after the implementation,evaluates the effect of implementation,and deduces the key factors in practice.By studying the formulation logic of key measures,combing out the important contents of guiding the protection and development of modern housing estate heritages at the legal level in Germany,it finds the guarantee function of the German Building Code and the Berlin Heritage Protection Law on conservation and renaissance of residential areas from the macro and micro perspectives,sorting out the implementation strategies formed by the protection laws and regulations of the Wohnstadt Carl Legien,and presenting the path of mature residential area protection practice.