不同禾本科植物在矿区污染土壤中的光合特性

Photosynthetic Characteristics of Different Poaceae Species in Contaminated Soil of Mining Areas

禾本科植物生长速度快和抗逆性强,是矿区植被恢复的先锋植物。为探究不同禾本科植物在矿区重金属污染土壤中夏季和冬季的光合特性差异,以香根草、柠檬草、花叶芦竹、歌舞芒和紫叶狼尾草为研究对象,利用Li-6800便携式光合仪测定5种禾本科植物的光合特性,筛选光合特性较强的草本植物。结果表明:5种植物均能在改良后的重金属污染土壤中生长,且植株健康;5种禾本科植物中花叶芦竹在夏季的光合综合特性优于其他种,差异性显著(P<0.05),在冬季因气温下降,光照时间缩短,光合速率低,5种植物之间的光合作用差异不明显。5种禾本科植物中,花叶芦竹在土壤污染矿区植被恢复中更具有推广应用潜力。

Poaceae plants grow fast and have strong stress resistance,which are pioneers for vegetation restoration in mining areas.To investigate the differences in photosynthetic characteristics of various Poaceae plants on heavy metal-contaminated soil of mining areas during summer and winter,the photosynthetic characteristics of five Poaceae spp.,Chrysopogon zizanioides,(L.)Roberty,Cymbopogon citratus(D.C.)Stapf,Arundo donax‘Versicolor',Miscanthus sinensis‘cabaret',and Cenchrus setaceus‘Rubrum',were measured by Li-6800 portable photosynthesis system,which was used to select herbaceous plants with strong photosynthetic characteristics.The results showed that the five plants could healthily grow on the improved heavy metal-contaminated soil.The comprehensive photosynthetic characteristics of Arundo donax‘versicolor'were significantly better than those of other species in summer(P<0.05).In winter,due to the decrease in temperature,the shortening of illumination time,and the low photosynthetic rate,the differences in photosynthesis between the five plants were not obvious.Among the five Poaceae plants,Arundo donax has more potential for application in vegetation restoration in soil-contaminated mining areas.