从科幻小说看创造性想象中的身体图式

Exploring Body Schema in Creative Imagination from Science Fiction Novels

在智能时代已经到来的今天,创造性想象的意义日益凸显。它不仅能够引导我们把握未来,还有助于人类应对可能出现的问题(包括各种危机)。恰在这样的语境中,人类发现自己对其所知甚少。大部分有关创造性想象的言说停留在描述性阶段,很多研究者都止步于其外围而未入乎其中。为了更好地运用想象、开发想象力,就必须研究创造性想象的结构-机制。随着思考的不断深入,逐渐发现了内蕴于创造性想象过程中的身体图式:(1)想象意味着身体的自我投射,亦即身体于虚践中前行到未来,创造相应的将在;(2)创造性想象是一种生产盈余的活动,但其主体仍是身体(当然可能是变形了的身体);在其展开的过程中,“身体—在—世界中”是最基本的生存论结构。如果结合科幻小说的创作机制,上述事实会更加清晰地绽露。作为一种以未来为指向的文学创作,科幻小说的作者必须细致地想象人类身体与其他存在者的关系。如此被想象出的世界具有“乌托邦的肉性”(Utopian corporeality),折射出起支配作用的身体图式。

The significance of creative imagination can not only guide us to the future,but also help humanity cope with possible problems(including crises).In order to overcome the relative deficiency,we must study the structure-mechanism of creative imagination.As thinking under the guidance of this goal,I gradually discovered the body schema inherent in the process of creative imagination:(1)Imagination means the body’s self-projection,that is,the body moves forward into the future through empty practice and creates the corresponding future;(2)Creative imagination is a surplus production activity,but its subject is still the body(of course it may be the deformed body);In its development,“body-in-the world”is the most basic existentialist structure.These facts are more clearly revealed if they combined with the creation mechanism of science fiction.As a future-oriented literary creation,the authors must carefully imagine the relationship between the human body and other beings.The imagined world in this way has the“Utopian corporeality”,reflecting the dominating body schema.