西藏昌都市上消化道出血住院患者的病因及影响因素:一项单中心回顾性分析

Etiology and influencing factors of hospitalized patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding in Chamdo City,Xizang:a single-center retropsective analysis

目的 分析西藏昌都市上消化道出血住院患者的常见病因并探讨其影响因素。方法 回顾性分析2023年01月至2023年10月期间于昌都市人民医院住院治疗的上消化道出血患者的一般资料、临床指标和胃镜检查结果,并按照不同年龄进行分组,对其病因及影响因素进行分析。结果 共纳入上消化道出血住院患者177例。其中,未行胃镜检查以及胃镜检查结果阴性患者共14例7.91%。昌都市上消化道出血住院患者的前五位病因分别是:消化性溃疡76例(42.94%)、食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血26例(14.69%)、急性胃黏膜病变21例(11.86%)、贲门黏膜撕裂综合征20例(11.30%)、上消化道肿瘤11例(6.21%),其他病因包括非静脉曲张出血性食管病变9例(5.08%)、未行胃镜检查或胃镜检查未见明确出血灶患者14例(7.91%)。针对上述患者年龄、性别、生活环境相关因素分析均未见统计学显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论 消化性溃疡是引起昌都市住院患者上消化道出血的首要原因,可能与幽门螺旋杆菌感染有关。

Objective To analyze the common etiology of hospitalized patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding(UGIB)in Qamdo,Xizang,and to explore its influencing factors.Methods The general data,clinical indicators and gastroscopy results of patients with UGIB who were hopstilized in Changdu People's Hospital from January to Octo-ber 2023 were retropsectively analyzed,and the etiology and influencing factors were analyzed according to different ages.Results The study included 177 patients with UGIB,among which 14 patients(7.91%)had no gastroscopy or negative gastroscopy results.The top five causes of UGIB in Changdu were peptic ulcer(76 cases,42.94%),esopha-geal and gastric variceal bleeding(26 cases,14.69%),acute gastric mucosal lesions(21 cases,11.86%),Mallory-Weiss syndrome(20 cases,11.30%)and upper gastrointestinal tumors(11 cases,6.21%).Other causes include non-variceal hemorrhagic esophageal lesions in 9 cases(5.08%).There were 14 cases(7.91%)who did not undergo gas-troscopy or had no clear bleeding focus on gastroscopy.There were no statistically significant differences in the anal-ysis of age,gender,and living environment(P>0.05)among the above patients.Conclusion Peptic ulcer is the lead-ing cause of UGIB in hospitalized patients in Changdu,and may be associated with Helicobacter pylori infection.