2021—2022年某院妊娠期孕妇HBV感染情况及危险因素分析

Analysis of HBV infection and risk factors in gravida during period of pregnancy in a hospital from 2021 to 2022

目的探究2021—2022年西安市某院妊娠期孕妇乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染情况及危险因素,为HBV感染的防控策略提供参考依据。方法将2021—2022年于本院进行检查的500例妊娠期孕妇作为研究对象,合并HBV感染的为研究组(n=285),未感染HBV的为对照组(n=215),对所有研究对象进行相关问卷调查及HBV抗体检测。观察500例妊娠期孕妇HBV的感染情况;分析孕妇并发症与不良妊娠结局情况差异;采用多因素logistic回归法对合并HBV感染的妊娠期孕妇进行因素分析。结果500例研究对象合并HBV感染的285例,占57.00%,乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性75例,占26.32%。研究组并发症总发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=44.906,P<0.05);研究组不良妊娠结局总发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=58.011,P<0.05)。乙型病毒性肝炎(简称“乙肝”)家族史、输血史、有偿献血史、侵入性诊疗史、拔牙史、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)和天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)均为妊娠期合并HBV感染的独立危险因素,乙肝疫苗接种史为妊娠期合并HBV感染的独立保护因素。结论妊娠期合并HBV感染会显著提升并发症及不良妊娠结局的发生率,输血史、乙肝家族史、乙肝疫苗接种史、有偿献血史、侵入性诊疗史、拔牙史、ALT和AST升高均为妊娠期合并HBV感染的高风险因素,临床应加强相关指标的检测,以显著提升妊娠期母婴结局。

Objective To explore the infection status and risk factors of Hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection in gravida during period of pregnancy in a hospital in Xi′an City from 2021 to 2022,and to provide a reference basis for the prevention and control strategy of HBV infection.Methods A total of 500 gravida who were examined in our hospital from 2021 to 2022 during period of pregnancy were selected as the study subjects investigated.Those co-infection with HBV were included in the study group(n=285)and those without HBV infection were included in the control group(n=215).Relevant questionnaires and HBV antibody detection were conducted for all subjects investigated.HBV infection in 500 gravida during period of pregnancy were observed.The differences of complications and adverse period of pregnancy outcomes in gravida were analyzed.Multifactorial logistic regression method was used to analyze the factors in gravida co-infection with HBV during period of pregnancy.Results Of the 500 study subjects investigated,285 cases(57.00%)were co-infected with HBV,and 75 cases(26.32%)were positive for hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg).The total complication rate in the study group was lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=44.906,P<0.05).The total incidence of adverse period of pregnancy outcomes in the study group was lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=58.011,P<0.05).Family history of viral hepatitis type B(referred to as hepatitis B),history of blood transfusion,history of paid blood donation,history of invasive diagnosis and treatment,history of dental extraction,alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and aspartate aminotransferase(AST)were independent risk factors for co-infection with HBV during period of pregnancy,and a history of hepatitis B vaccination was an independent protective factor for co-infection with HBV during period of pregnancy.Conclusion Co-infection with HBV during period of pregnancy significantly increase the incidence rate of complications and adverse period of pregnancy outcomes.History of blood transfusion,family history of hepatitis B,history of hepatitis B vaccination,history of paid blood donation,history of invasive diagnosis and treatment,history of dental extraction,increased ALT and AST are both high-risk factors for co-infection with HBV during period of pregnancy.Clinical detection of relevant indicators should be strengthened to significantly improve the outcomes of maternal and infant during period of pregnancy.