特殊人群的语言韵律感知:原理与前景

Linguistic Prosody Perception in Special Populations:Principles and Prospects

语言韵律指用以揭示说话人语言信息的各类超音段特征,如单词重音、句法停顿、语调曲拱等。语言韵律感知是将言语中相关声学线索映射至超音段表征以理解语言的加工过程。本文在梳理不同特殊人群各类语言韵律感知表现差异的基础上指出,现有研究侧重于特殊人群对韵律基本声学特征的感知加工困难,对其如何处理不同语言结构、功能的韵律加工差异和机理关注不够。未来研究亟待对各类人群在韵律与各层面语言特征的界面加工上的表现展开探索,并重视汉语及方言的韵律感知研究,对我国特殊人群的社会融合有所贡献。针对特殊人群进行的语言韵律感知研究,不仅可为语言障碍临床诊断与康复提供有益参考,同时也对探索言语加工机制具有重要理论和实践意义。

Linguistic prosody refers to the suprasegmental features employed by locutors to convey language information,such as lexical stress,syntactic pauses,and intonation contours.Linguistic prosody is perceived by listeners through mapping different acoustic cues to their mental suprasegmental representations.This article provides a comprehensive review and analysis of linguistic prosody perception performances in individuals with speech disorders or difficulties.It is pointed out that existing studies mainly focused on the auditory processing performances in special populations,while neglecting their variations in using prosodic cues to decode different linguistic structures and functions,as well as the underlying mechanisms involved.It is suggested that future research may employ the distinctive characteristics of special populations to reveal how listeners access grammatical and pragmatic information by attending to the prosodic features of speech.There is also a need for studies on prosody perception in the Chinese language and its various dialects in order to promote social inclusion among special populations.Exploring linguistic prosody perception in special populations has significant implications for speech pathology and provides valuable theoretical and practical insights for the underlying mechanisms of speech processing.