教育领域生成式人工智能伦理失范的理论解构、风险生成与解蔽之策

On Theoretical Deconstruction,Risk Generation and Unmasking Strategies for Ethical Misconduct of Generative Artificial Intelligence in Education

进入数智时代,生成式人工智能凭借其强大的内容生成与逻辑推演能力成为教育改革的重要驱动力,但也随之引发了一系列伦理失范问题。从生成式人工智能作为一种生产力新形态在其全生命周期中的作用方式来对其伦理失范问题进行理论解构,揭示其内在技术与行为机制:在生成式人工智能的生命周期内,算法设计是导致其伦理失范的技术缘起,训练数据是导致其伦理失范的调控中介,现实的人则是导致其伦理失范的行为主体。生成式人工智能驱动教育变革的伦理风险主要表现为算法运行风险、数据存储风险、内容生成风险、技术滥用风险等四方面。由于人类是人工智能伦理失范的行为主体,故解蔽生成式人工智能的伦理风险有必要回归“人类”本身,基于此,研究提出应当从普及人工智能知识以提高教育者技术认知、加快教育领域人工智能的技术研发和转化、着力提升教育者与受教育者人工智能素养等三个方面进行人工智能伦理风险治理,以确保其在教育领域应用的符合伦理规范。

In the era of digital intelligence,generative artificial intelligence(AI)has become a significant catalyst for educational reform due to its robust capabilities in content creation and logical inference.However,this has also given rise to a series of ethical issues.This analysis deconstructs the ethical problems of generative AI by examining its role as a new form of productive force throughout its entire life cycle,revealing the inherent technological and behavioral mechanisms involved:Algorithm design serves as the technical origin of ethical issues,training data acts as a regulatory intermediary,and real human agents are the behavioral subjects causing these ethical dilemmas.The ethical risks driven by generative AI in transforming education primarily manifest as risks in algorithm operation,data storage,content creation,and technology misuse.Given that humans are the behavioral agents behind its ethical issues,addressing the ethical risks of generative AI necessarily involves returning to“human”fundamentals.Based on this,the study proposes that managing AI’s ethical risks should focus on broadening AI knowledge to enhance educators’technical awareness,accelerating AI technology research and its application in education,and significantly improving educators and students’AI literacy.This approach aims to ensure that the use of AI in education adheres to ethical standards.