职业教育赋能现代产业体系的贡献测度——基于中国省域面板数据的实证分析

Measurement of the Contribution of Vocational Education to Empo wering the Modern Industrial System: An Empirical Analysis Based on Panel Data from Chinese Provinces

现代产业体系是现代化国家的物质技术基础。职业教育与现代产业体系同向同行,是推进现代产业体系建设的重要力量。构建现代产业体系评价指标体系,测算现代产业体系发展指数,并以柯布-道格拉斯生产函数为基础构建职业教育服务现代产业体系的贡献测度模型,测算2008—2021年我国各省份职业教育服务现代产业体系的贡献率,发现:第一,2008—2021年我国现代产业体系发展水平总体呈现逐年上升的趋势及由东至西递减的空间格局;第二,职业教育投入对现代产业体系发展具有显著的促进作用,全国总体贡献率为19.32%;第三,职业教育服务现代产业体系的贡献率存在地域差异,呈东部>全国>西部>中部的空间格局,中部塌陷明显;第四,现代产业体系发展水平与职业教育服务现代产业体系贡献率间存在一定偏差,中、西部地区的价值定位与现代产业体系的现实需求脱嵌。为提高职业教育与现代产业体系的精准匹配程度,应建立现代职业教育体系,为加快现代产业体系发展提供人才和技术支撑;坚持职业教育产教融合产业融入,助推现代产业体系自主创新能力和技术水平的提升;加大职业教育投入并提高投入效率,保障职业教育持续性服务现代产业体系。

The modern industrial system is the material and technological foundation of a modern country.Vocational education and the modern industrial system are moving in the same direction and are important forces in promoting the construction of the modern industrial system.This article constructs an evaluation index system for the modern industrial system,calculates the development index of the modern industrial system,constructs a contribution measurement model for vocational education serving the modern industrial system based on the Cobb-Douglas production function,and measures the contribution rate of vocational education services to the modern industrial systerm in various provinces of China from 2008 to 2021.The results showed the following:firstly,from 2008 to 2021,the overall development level of China’s modern industrial system shows an increasing trend year by year and a decreasing spatial pattern from east to west;secondly,vocational education investment has a significant promoting effect on the development of the modern industrial system,with an overall contribution rate of 19.32%nationwide;thirdly,there are regional differences in the contribution rate of vocational education services to the modern industrial system,with a spatial pattern of eastern>national>western>central,and a significant collapse in the central region;fourthly,there is a certain deviation between the development level of the modern industrial system and the contribution rate of vocational education services to the modern industrial system,the value positioning of the central and western regions is detached from the practical needs of the modern industrial system.To improve the precise matching between vocational education and the modern industrial system,we should establish a modern vocational education system to provide talent and technical support for accelerating the development of the modern industrial system;adhere to the integration of industry and education in vocational education,in order to promote the improvement of the independent innovation ability and technological level of the modern industrial system;increase investment in vocational education and improve investment efficiency to ensure the continuous service of vocational education to the modern industrial system.