基于知识图谱的太湖流域重要河湖水量分配分析研究

Analysis and Research on Water Allocation of Important Rivers and Lakes in the Taihu Lake Basin Based on Knowledge Graph

在河湖基本生态用水保障、幸福河湖建设对河道内水资源配置提出更高要求的背景下,基于太湖流域沿江和环太湖水量数据,根据不同阶段,考虑增长贡献率,分析流域、水资源四级分区及城市沿江、环太湖水量交换趋势变化,运用知识图谱重点分析太湖流域重要河湖河道内水量交换特征和成因机制,并提出相应对策。结果表明:太湖流域(不含黄浦江)年均引江水量略有增加、出入湖水量显著增加。在水资源调度期间,受降雨和下垫面变化影响,湖西区水资源调度期和其他时期均是湖西区入湖来水的主要贡献期;望虞河入湖水量主要集中在水资源调度期间;浙西区入湖水量受太湖水位顶托,有一定程度的减少。建议建立水资源刚性约束制度、推进流域区域水资源配置工程建设、规范水资源调度,实现流域、区域水资源有序调度,进一步优化太湖水位调度线,充分利用雨洪资源。

Against the backdrop of increased demands for basic ecological water security and the construction of happy rivers and lakes,which place higher requirements on water resources allocation within river channels,this paper is based on water quantity data along the Yangtze River and around Taihu Lake in the Taihu Lake Basin.It considers different stages and employs the growth contribution rate to analyze basin characteristics,water resource zoning at four levels,and trends in water exchange between cities along the Yangtze River and around Taihu Lake.Utilizing a knowledge graph,it focuses on analyzing the characteristics and causal mechanisms of water exchange within important rivers and lakes in the Taihu Lake Basin and proposes corresponding strategies.Results indicate that the average annual water intake from the Yangtze River in the Taihu Lake Basin(excluding the Huangpu River)has slightly increased,while the volume of water entering and leaving the lake has significantly increased.During water resource allocation,influenced by rainfall and changes in the underlying surface,both the period of water contribution from the Lake West region to the lake and the period of other contributions are crucial.The water volume entering the lake from the Wangyu River mainly occurs during the water resource allocation period,while the water volume entering the lake from the Zhejiang West region is reduced to some extent due to the elevation of the Taihu Lake water level.Suggestions include establishing a rigid constraint system for water resources,promoting regional water resource allocation projects,and standardizing water resource allocation to achieve orderly water diversion within the basin and region.Furthermore,it proposes optimizing the Taihu Lake water level regulation line and fully utilizing rain and flood resources.